Anatomy: Popliteal Fossa and Posterior Leg Flashcards

1
Q

name the boundaries of the popliteal fossa

A

biceps femoris

semimembranous

gastrocemium - medial and lateral heads

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2
Q

what does the small saphenous vein do in the popliteal fossa

A

ends by passing through the deep (popliteal) fascia in the medial plane of the limb to drain into the popliteal vein

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3
Q

name the popliteal contents medial to lateral

A

popliteal artery

popliteal vein

tibia nerve

common fibular nerve

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4
Q

describe the deep veins of the leg starting from medial and lateral plantar veins

A

medial and lateral plantar veins

posterior tibial and fibular veins

popliteal vein

(adductor canal) - femoral vein

external iliac vein

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5
Q

where does the popliteal vein become the femoral vein

A

when it enters the thigh through the adductor canal

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6
Q

where are popliteal lymph nodes located

A

along popliteal vein in the popliteal fossa

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7
Q

what does the medial sural cutaenous nerve arise from

A

tibial nerve

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8
Q

what does the lateral sural cutaenous nerve arise from

A

common fibular nerve

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9
Q

how do the lateral and medial sural cutaenous nerves communicate with each other

A

sural communicating branch

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10
Q

what do the sural nerves supply

A

skin and fascia on posterolateral aspect of the leg and foot

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11
Q

what is the common fibular nerve vulnerable to

A

compression injury against the neck of the fibula

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12
Q

superficial muscels of posterior leg

A
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13
Q

deep muscles of the posterior leg

A
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14
Q

what do deep muscles of the posterior leg do

A

flexors o toe and plantarflexors of ankle

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15
Q

what do superficial muscles of the posterior leg do

A

plantar flex the ankle

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16
Q

functio of tibialis posterior and anterior

A

invert foot

17
Q

what are the deep and superifical muscles of the posterior leg supplied by

A

tibial nerve

18
Q

attachments of medial and lateral gastrocnemius heads

A

proximally: lateral head to lateral femoral condyle and medial head to medial femoral condyle
distally: calcaneal tuberosity on calaneus via Achilles tendon

19
Q

what 2 muscles combine to form the achilles tendon

A

gastrocnemius and soleus

20
Q

attachments of the soleus

A

proximally: neck of fibula and soleal line of tibia
distally: calcaenus via achilles tendon

21
Q

ankle jerk reflex

A

calcaneal tendon struck (soleus and gastrocnemius) and foot should plantarflex

tests tibial nerve (S1-S2)

22
Q

what does the popliteal artery divide into immediately distal to the popliteal fossa

A

posterior and anterior tibial artery

23
Q

describe the course of the anterior tibial artery

A

pierces the interosseous membrane between tibia and fibula to supply anterior comaprtment of leg

24
Q

what does the posterior tibial artery divide into on the plantar surface of the foot

A

medial and lateral plantar arteries

25
Q

what does the anterior tibular artery become in the foot

A

dorsalis pedis artery

26
Q

where does teh posterior tibial artery pass out of the posterior compartment of leg in relation to medial malleolus and flexor retinaculum

A

posterior to medial malleolus and deep to flexor retinaculum

27
Q

what branches from the posterior tibial artery in the proximal half of the posterior compartment of leg

A

fibular artery

28
Q

what does the fibular artery supply

A

muscles in lateral compartmnet of leg and adjacent muscles in posterior compartment

29
Q

the adductor hiatus is an opening in which muscle

A

adductor magnus