Anatomy: Gluteal Region

Question 1

borders of the gluteal region

Answer 1

sup - iliac crest

inf - gluteal fold/sulcus

laterally - greater trochanter of femur

Question 2

what lies between the buttocks

Answer 2

intergluteal cleft

Question 3

what muscle helps to define the gluteal fold

Answer 3

gluteus maximus and superficial fascia overlying it

Question 4

attachments of gluteus maximus

Answer 4

proximal: iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberus ligament and coccyx
distal: most fibres end up in the iliotibial tract, some fibres insert into gluteal tuberosity

Question 5

gluteus maximus function

Answer 5

extensor of the hip

Question 6

gluteus medius and minimus attachments

Answer 6

ilium and anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur

Question 7

gluteus medius and minimus functions

Answer 7

abduct and medially rotate the thigh at the hip joint

Question 8

what spinal nerve roots form the inf and sup gluteal nerve

Answer 8

L5, S1 and S2

Question 9

where is the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle in relation to the gluteus maximus

Answer 9

deep

Question 10

where is the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle in relation to gluteus muscles

Answer 10

deep to gluteus medius

Question 11

what is the function of the deep muscle layer

Answer 11

laterally rotate the lower limb at hip joint

Question 12

describe the iliotibial tract

Answer 12

runs from ASIS to anterolateral (Gerdy) tubercule of tibia

the tensor fascia lata is enclosed within the proximal portion of the tract

Question 13

where does the sciatic nerve emerge in the gluteal region

Answer 13

inferior to periformis

Question 14

what happens when the sciatic nerve roots are affected by slipped discs

Answer 14

symptoms in foot - sciatica

Question 15

what 3 nerves are found in the gluteal region

Answer 15

pudendal,s ciatic and PCNT

Question 16

what foramen do the sciatic nerve and PCNT pass through

Answer 16

greater sciatic foramen

Question 17

lumbar puncture

Answer 17

used to look for evidence of conditions affecring the brain, spinal cod of nervous system

pressure measurements and CSF samples taken from subarachnoid space surrounding the spinal cord

Question 18

describe the lumbar puncture method

Answer 18

patient on L side and fully flexed (knees to chin)

iliac crests identified (plane L3/4)

spinal pack used to withdraw CSF at this level

Question 19

why does insertion occur at L3/4 level

Answer 19

in adults spinal cord finishes at L1/2 vertebrae

this avoids injury to the terminal part of the spinal cord - conus medullaris