Anatomy: Femoral Triangle

Question 1

what is the floor of the femoral triangle bordered by

Answer 1

the iliopsoas laterally and the pectineus medially

Question 2

name the borders of the femoral triangle

Answer 2

(lower limb cards)

Question 3

what lymph nodes does the femoral canal contain

Answer 3

deep inguinal

Question 4

what does the femoral sheath not contain

Answer 4

femoral nerve

Question 5

what fascia is the femoral sheath formed from

Answer 5

inferior prolongation of transversalis and iliopsoas fascia

Question 6

what are the nerve roots of the femoral nerve

Answer 6

L2 - L4

Question 7

what does the saphenous nerve supply

Answer 7

sensory - fascia and skin of the anteromedial aspects of knee and leg and medial aspect of the foot

Question 8

what vein does the saphenous nerve accompany at the medial aspect of the foot

Answer 8

great saphenous vein

Question 9

what 2 muscles does the saphenous nerve pass between when leaving the adductor canal

Answer 9

sartorius and gracilis

Question 10

what is the saphenous nerve a branch of

Answer 10

• femoral nerve
• supplies sensation to the anteromedial, medial and posteromedial surface of the leg.

Question 11

what causes a femoral hernia

Answer 11

inc intra abdominal pressure resulting in peritoneum hernaiting into canal

Question 12

where is the femoral canal in the femoral sheath

what is in the femoral canal

Answer 12

most medial part of femoral sheath

deep inguinal nodes and adipose tissue

Question 13

where do the deep inguinal nodes run in relation to the femoral vein in the femoral canal

Answer 13

medial

Question 14

what do the medial and lateral circumflex arteries arise from

Answer 14

profunda femeris artery (deep artery of thigh)

Question 15

what does teh profunda femoris artery arise from

Answer 15

femoral artery

Question 16

how do the medial and lateral circumflex femoral artery supply the majority of blood to the head of the femur

Answer 16

through retinacular branches

Question 17

where is the femoral pulse found

Answer 17

midway between the ASIS and pubic symphysis

Question 18

what is the femoral pulse used for

Answer 18

locate the femoral vein and nerve

Question 19

what does the inguinal ligament run between

Answer 19

ASIS and pubic tubercule

Question 20

where is the inguinal canal and what does it contain

Answer 20

medial half of inguinal ligament

spermatic cord (male) or round ligament (female)

Question 21

where do the femoral vessels, nerve and the iliopsoas muscle pass in relation to the inguinal ligament

Answer 21

posterior in the retroinguinal space

Question 22

what is the deep fascia of the thigh called

Answer 22

fascia lata

Question 23

proximal and distal attachments of the iliopsoas

Answer 23

proximal: iliac fossa (iliacus) and lumbar transverse processes/IV discs
distal: lesser trochanter of femur

Question 24

what is the nerve supply of the iliopsoas

Answer 24

anterior rami of the lumbar spinal nerves

Question 25

proximal and distal attachments of the sartorius

Answer 25

proximal : ASIS

distal: medial surface of proximal tibia (via pes anserinus)

Question 26

name the 4 components of the quadriceps femoris

Answer 26

rectus femoris

vastus lateralis

vastus intermedius

vastus medius

Question 27

proximal and distal attachments of the rectus femoris

Answer 27

proximal: ASIS
distal: patella (via quadriceps tendon) then tibial tuberosity (vita patellar tendon/ligament)

Question 28

proximal and distal attachments of the vastus lateralis, intermedius and medius

Answer 28

proximal: shaft of femur
distal: patella (via quadriceps tendon) then tibial tuberosity (vita patellar tendon/ligament)

Question 29

knee jerk reflex

Answer 29

strike the patellar ligament producing a contraction of the quadriceps and slight extension of the knee joint

femoral nerve: L2-L4

Question 30

where do the adductor brevis and longus lie in relation to the adductor magnus

Answer 30

anterior

Question 31

what are the proximal and distal attachments of the adductor longus

Answer 31

proximal: pubis
distal: linea aspera of femur

Question 32

what are the proximal and distal attachments of the adductor brevis

Answer 32

proximal: pubic
distal: linea aspera

Question 33

what are the proximal and distal attachments of the adductor magnus

Answer 33

proximal: inf ramus, ramus of ischum

hamstring part: ischial tuberosity

hamstring part distal: adductor tubercule of femur

Question 34

what nerve is the anterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh a branch of

Answer 34

femoral nerve

Question 35

what nerve is the lateral cutaenous branch of the thigh a branch of

Answer 35

lumbosacral plexus

Question 36

where does all lymph from the lower limb ultimately drain to

Answer 36

external iliac nodes

Question 37

where does lymph from the great saphenous vein drain to (superficial)

Answer 37

superficial inguinal nodes and then ext iliac nodes

Question 38

where does lymph from the small saphenous vein drain to

Answer 38

popliteal lymph nodes

deep inguinal nodes

ext iliac nodes

Question 39

when does the ext iliac artery become the femoral artery

Answer 39

when it crosses under the inguinal ligament and enters the femoral triangle

Question 40

what branches off the femoral artery in the femoral triangle

Answer 40

profunda femoris artery - lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries

Question 41

what does the femoral artery do after exiting the femoral triangle

Answer 41

continue down anterior surface of the thigh in the adductor canal

Question 42

where does the femoral artery exit the adductor canal

Answer 42

at the adductor hiatus(opening in the adductor magnus) and enters posterior compartment of the thigh as the popliteal artery

Question 43

what does the adductor canal contain

Answer 43

femoral artery and vein and saphenous nerve

Question 44

what nerve does the saphenous nerve branch from

Answer 44

femoral nerve - in femoral triangle