Anatomy of UL Flashcards
What are the 3 distinguishing features of a synovial joint
A joint cavity, bone ends covered in cartilage, articular surfaces & joint cavity enclosed by an articular capsule
What are the parts of a synovial joint
Articular cartilage –> synovial membrane –> fibrous joint capsule –> joint cavity containing synovial fluid
Name 3 types of synovial joints
Hinge, saddle, ball & socket
What are the 2 types of shoulder joints
Sternoclavicular & acromioclavicular
Where is the acromial part of the clavicle
Picture
What are the defining points of the humerous
Picture, greater & lesser tubicle
Difference between anatomical & surgical necks
Anatomical = where you find the growth plate, Surgical = the skinny part below the head
What is a process
Bits that stick out of the bone
Where is the glenohumeral joint
Picture
What are the movements of the glenohumeral joint
Flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, medial rotation, lateral rotation
Why is the glenohumeral joint so stable
Position of scapula (sitting behind), labrum deepens the fossa, ligaments hold the head of the humerus into the scapula
What muscles are around the glenohumeral joint
Rotator cuffs, deltoid
What kind of join is the elbow
Hinge
Where are the capitulum & trochlea
Picture
Why is the elbow movement different to the wrist
Ligaments prevent abduction and adduction
What movements does the radio-ulnar joint allow
Pronation, supination
What kind of joint is the radio-ulnar joint
Pivot
What elbow ligaments prevent abduction/adduction
Medial & lateral
Where is the interosseus membrane
Between radius & ulna
What is the aritcular disc
Cartilage, comes up like blank space in the xray, between ulna and wrist
What is radial and ulnar deviation
Deviating toward radius or ulna, abduction, adduction
What kind of joint, and what is the carpometacarpal
Saddle, thumb, more movements than other fingers = abduction, adduction
What are the finger joints
Hinge
What is a scaphoid fracture
Break in one of the small bones of the wrist (carpals)
Where is the distal end of the radius
Connecting to carpals
Point to deltoid, pectoralis major, serratus anterior, biceps, latissiumus dorsi, tricpes, trapezius
Picture
What are the rotator cuff muscles
Subscapularis & teres major
Name the muscles of the forearm (anterior & posterior)
Picture
