Anatomy of the oral cavity Flashcards
What is the oral vestibule?
The space between the teeth and the lips or cheeks
What is the oral cavity proper?
The area internal to the teeth and gums
What are the features of the oral cavity?
- Hard and soft palates
- Teeth
- Gums
- Tongue
- Saivary glands
What structures can be found within the oral mucosa?
Numerous minor salivary glands that secrete directly into the oral cavity
What lymphoid tissue can be found within the oral cavity?
Paired palatine tonsils lie between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds
What are the two groups of muscles within the tongue?
- Intrinsic
- Extrinsic
What is the innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
Name the intrinsic muscles of the tongue
- Superior longitudinal
- inferior lonitudinal
- Transverse
- Vertical
Name the extrinsic muscles of the tongue
- Genioglossus muscle
- Hypoglossus muscle
- Styloglossus muscle
- Palatoglossus muscle (also considered a muscle of the palate)
What is the origin of the genioglossus muscle?
The mental spine of the mandible
Where does the genioglossus muscle insert?
The dorsum of the tongue and hyoid bone
What is the innervation of the genioglossus muscle?
The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)
What is the main action of the genioglossus muscle?
Depresses and protrudes the tongue
What is the origin of the hyoglossus muscle?
Body and greater horn of hyoid bone
Where does the hyoglossus muscle insert?
The lateral and inferior aspect of the tongue
What is the innervation of the hyoglossus muscle?
The hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)
What is the main action of the hyoglossus muscle?
Depresses and retracts the tongue
What is the origin of the styloglossus muscle?
The styloid process and stylohyoid ligament
Where does the styloglossus muscle insert?
The lateral and inferior aspect of the tongue
What is the innervation of the styloglossus muscle?
The hypoglossal nerve (CNXII)
What is the main action of the styloglossus muscle?
Retracts the tongue and draws it up for swallowing
What is the origin of the palatoglossus muscle?
The palatine aponeurosis of the soft palate
Where does the palatoglossus muscle insert?
The lateral aspect of the tongue
What is the innervation of the palatoglossus muscle?
The vagus nerve and the pharyngeal pleaxus
