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Anatomy - Principles > Anatomy: Lecture 5 - Cardiovascular System? > Flashcards

Anatomy: Lecture 5 - Cardiovascular System? Flashcards

1
Q

What does the circulation system consist of?

A

The Arterial System
The Heart Pump
The Venous System

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2
Q

What is the System Circulation?

A

Left side of the heart -> Body Systems -> Right Side of Heart

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3
Q

What is the Pulmonary Circulation?

A

Right side of the Heart ->Lungs -> Left side of Heart

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4
Q

What is the stopping of the heart called?

A

Cardiac Arrest

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5
Q

What cavity is the heart located in?

A

Chest Cavity - Located in the midline space between the lungs.

The Mediastinum

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6
Q

How can the Mediastinum be divided?

A

Superior
Middle
Porsterior

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7
Q

What is the layer the heart is protected by?

A

Pericardium

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8
Q

What are the parts of the Pericardium?

A

Fibrous Pericardium
Partial Serous Pericardium
Visceral Pericardium

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9
Q

What is the purpose of the Fibrous Pericardium?

A

Prevents Overfilling

Protect s against injury

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10
Q

What is Cardiac Tamponade?

A

Pericardial cavity fills with blood, causing pressure to increase around the heart

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11
Q

What are the layers of the heart itself?

A

Epicardium
Myocardium - cardiac muscle layer
Endocardium - endothelium lining

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12
Q

What supplies blood to the heart and where from?

A

From the aorta by the Coronary arteries

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13
Q

What are the superior branched vessels of the heart?

A

Superior Vena Cava
Aorta
Pulmonary Trunk

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14
Q

What is the name given to the posterior surface of the heart?

A

Base of the heart

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15
Q

What does the Base of the Heart rest on?

A

The Diaphragm

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16
Q

What is the right hand side of the heart called?

A

The Right border

17
Q

What is the left hand side of the heart called?

A

Left Lateral Border

18
Q

What side of the heart is the Apex generally on?

A

The Left hand side

19
Q

How are the myocytes of the myocardium arranged ?

A

Spirals

20
Q

What divides the heart into two parts?

A

The Septum

21
Q

What blood does the left hand side pump?

A

Pumps Arterial blood from the Pulonary circulation to the Systemic circulation

Oxygenated

22
Q

What blood does the right hand side of the heart pump?

A

Pumps Venous blood from the systemic circulation to the Pulmonary circulation

23
Q

What are the 4 valves of the heart?

A

Tricuspid Valve
Pulmonary Valve
Mitral/Bicuspid Valve
Aortic Valve

24
Q

Where is the Tricuspid valve located?

A

Found between the Right Atrium and the Right Ventricle

25
Q

Where is the Pulmonary Valve found?

A

Found between Right Ventricle and Pulmonary Trunk

26
Q

Where is the Mitral/Bicuspid Valve found?

A

Found between the Left atrium and the left Ventricle

27
Q

Where is the Aortic Valve found?

A

Found between the Left Ventricle and the Aorta

28
Q

Where does the electrical signal start?

A

Starts at the Sinoatrial Node on the Right Atria

29
Q

Describe the electrical transfer in the heart that brings about its contraction?

A

Sinoatrial node on right atria

Atrioventricular node at the Septum

Atrioventricular Bundle transports singal down the Interatial Septrum via Perkinje fibres

30
Q

What is the purpose of the cardiac skeleton?

A

Electrical Insulator

Fibrous tissue that supports the valves of the heart

31
Q

What does the cardiac skeleton consist of?

A

The Valves

Part of septum

32
Q

What is Fibrillation?

A

Uncoordinated contraction of myocytes - results in inefficient pumping of the heart

33
Q

What is the cardiac plexus?

A

Mixture of nerves that supply the heat

Includes:
Sensory Nerves
Motor Nerves

34
Q

What is the affect of the sympathetic nerves on the heart?

A

Speeds up the heart

35
Q

What is the affect of the parasympathetic nerves on the heart?

A

Slows down the heart

Anatomy - Principles (11 decks)

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