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Anatomy - Principles > Anatomy Lecture 4: What bones Commonly Fracture? > Flashcards

Anatomy Lecture 4: What bones Commonly Fracture? Flashcards

1
Q

How many bones are in the adult skeleton?

A

206

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2
Q

What are bones of neonatal Babies composed of?

A

Bones of neonatal Babies begins as Hyaline Cartilage

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3
Q

What is the name of the processes of ossification of hyaline cartilage?

A

Endochondral Ossification

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4
Q

How can the structure of bone be divided?

A

Outer Cortex

Inner Medulla

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5
Q

What is the Outer Cortex of Bone made from?

A

Compact cortical bone

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6
Q

What is the Inner Medulla made from?

A

Cancellous bone

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7
Q

What is the site of red and white cell formation?

A

Bone marrow

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8
Q

What is the most superficial layer of bone called?

A

The Periosteum

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9
Q

Why does the neck of the femur commonly fracture?

A

Made of less compact bone

More angled structure/thinner.

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10
Q

What are the vessels that carry blood to the Periosteum?

A

Periosteal Arteries

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11
Q

What is founded around a fracture line?

A

A Callus - starts out as lump of bone. It is then remodelled

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12
Q

What is putting the bone back into its normal line surgically called?

A

Reducing the Fracture

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13
Q

What are the bone processes on the upper limb?

A

Greater Tubercle of the Humerus

Styloid process of the radius

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14
Q

What are the bone processes on the lower limb?

A

Ischial Tuberosity of Pelvis

Lesser Trochanter of the Femur

Femoral Condyl of the Knee

Tibial Tuberosity of the Tibia

Malleolus of the ankle

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15
Q

How is a Foreamen formed?

A

Adjacent structure applies a force

Bone has to grow round structure

Bone that have a hole in it are called a Foreamen

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16
Q

How can the skeleton be divided?

A

Axial Skeleton

Appendicular Skeleton

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17
Q

What does the Axial Skeleton consist of?

A

Bones of the skull
Bones of the neck
Bones of the trunk - chest, abdomen, back

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18
Q

What are the bones of the facial skeleton?

A

The Zygoma
The Maxilla
The Mandible
The Nasal Bone

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19
Q

What is a Le Fort 1 fracture?

A

Le fort 1: This is a Maxilla Fracture

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20
Q

What is a Le Fort 2 fracture?

A

Le fort 2: This is a Nasal Fracture alongside a zygoma fracture

21
Q

What is a Le Fort 3 fracture?

A

Le fort 3 : Separates bones of face from the bones of the cranial vault.

22
Q

What are the parts of the Mandible?

A 
Mental Process
Mental Foramen
The Body 
The Lower border
The Angle
The Ramus 
The Condylar Process
The Coronoid process
23
Q

How many bones are there in the spine?

A

33

24
Q

What are the 5 parts of the spine?

A 
Cervical
Thoracic 
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccygeal
25
Q

How many cervical bones are there in the spine?

A

C1-C7

26
Q

How many thoracic bones are there in the spine?

A

T1-T12

27
Q

How many Lumbar bones are there in the spine?

A

5 Lumbar bone

28
Q

How many Sacral bones are there in a spine?

A

5 - fused together to form the sacrum

29
Q

How many Coccygeal bones are there in the spine?

A

4 - Fused to form the coccyx

30
Q

What are the processes of the Vertebrae?

A

Spinuous Process
Two Transverse Process
Two Superior Articular Process
Two Inferior Articular Processes

31
Q

What is the part of the Vertebae that connects the spinous process?

A

The Lamina

32
Q

What is the part of the Vertebrae that connecst the Vertebral Body?

A

The Pedicle

33
Q

What is the name of C1?

A

Atlas

34
Q

What is the name of C2

A

Axis

35
Q

How many ribs are there?

A

12 pairs of ribs

36
Q

What are true ribs?

A

True ribs attached via costal cartilage to the sternum

1-6

37
Q

What are false ribs?

A

False ribs 7-10 - False ribs attach via costal cartilage above to the sternum

38
Q

What are floating ribs?

A

Floating ribs do not attach to the sternum

11-12

39
Q

What does the upper limb consist of?

A

Arm
Forearm
Hand

40
Q

What does the Lower Limb consist of?

A

Thigh
Leg
Foot

41
Q

What is the bone of the arm?

A

The Humerus

42
Q

What are the bones of the forearm?

A

Radius

Ulna

43
Q

What are the bones of the hand?

A

Carpal Bone
Metacarpals
Phalanges

44
Q

What are the bones of the carpal?

A 
Scaphoid (Some) 
Lunate (Lovers) 
Triquetrum (Try) 
Pisiform (Positions) 
Trapezium (That)
Trapezoid(They) 
Capitate (Can't)
Hamate (Handle)
45
Q

What are the bones of the lower limb?

A

Thigh
Leg
Foot

46
Q

What is the bone of the thigh?

A

Femur

47
Q

What are the bones of the leg?

A

Tibia

Fibula

48
Q

What are the bones of the foot?

A

Tarsal Bones
Metatarsals
Phalanges

Anatomy - Principles (11 decks)

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