Anatomy Lec Ch 20

Question 1

what is blood technically

Answer 1

fluid connective tissue

Question 2

what is blood made of

Answer 2

plasma, formed elements (RBc, WBC, platelets)

Question 3

whole blood contains

Answer 3

plasma, WBC, RBC and platelets

Question 4

what is average amount of blood in a person

Answer 4

5 liters

Question 5

hypovolemic

Answer 5

low blood volume

Question 6

hypervolemic

Answer 6

high blood volume

Question 7

what is the percentage of plasma in blood

Answer 7

55%

Question 8

what is the main component of plasma

Answer 8

water

Question 9

higher concentration of what in blood and high concentration of what in interstitial fluid

Answer 9

oxygen, carbon dioxide

Question 10

what are the three major classes of plasma proteins

Answer 10

albumins, globulins, and fibrinogen

Question 11

what is the function of albumins

Answer 11

osmotic pressure, transport of fatty acids, steroid hormones, and other substance

Question 12

globulins are subdivided into

Answer 12

immunoglobulins and transport globulins

Question 13

what is the function of fibrinogen

Answer 13

blood clottig

Question 14

function of red blood cells

Answer 14

transport both oxygen and carbon dioxide within bloodstream

Question 15

what are the benefits foe a biconcave RBC

Answer 15

flexibility, strength and large surface area

ability to stack on each other

Question 16

how do RBC obtain energy

Answer 16

anaerobic metabolism, no mitochondria, rely on glucose from surrounding plasma

Question 17

what is the life span of RBC

Answer 17

120 days

Question 18

what protein is found in RBC

Answer 18

hemoglobin

Question 19

function of hemoglobin

Answer 19

transport oxygen and carbon dioxide, gives red appearance when oxygenated

Question 20

structure of hemoglobin

Answer 20

2 alpha chains and 2 beta chains, subunits contain a single molecule of heme which contains an iron ion

Question 21

what in hemoglobin does oxygen bind to

Answer 21

iron ion

Question 22

what in hemoglobin does carbon dioxide bind to

Answer 22

globin subunits

Question 23

structure of suface antigens

Answer 23

glycoproteins or glycolipids which are genetically determined

Question 24

Type A blood has what surface antigen

Answer 24

antigen a

Question 25

type B blood has what surface antigen

Answer 25

antigen B

Question 26

type AB has what surface antigen

Answer 26

both A and B

Question 27

type O has what surface antigen

Answer 27

neither

Question 28

rh factor is what

Answer 28

positive or negative

Question 29

function of WBC

Answer 29

help defend the body against invasion by pathogens and remove toxins wastes and abnormal or damaged cells

Question 30

what is a special characteristic of WBC

Answer 30

they contain nuclei

Question 31

leukopenia

Answer 31

low numbers of leukocytes

Question 32

leukocytosis

Answer 32

excessive number of leukocytes

Question 33

life span of WBC

Answer 33

only a couple of days

Question 34

diapedesis

Answer 34

WBC migrate across the endothelial lining of a capillary by squeezing between adjacent endothelial cells

Question 35

chemotaxis

Answer 35

attraction by chemical stimuli

Question 36

what type of WC are granular leukocytes

Answer 36

neutrophils and eosinophils and basophils

Question 37

agranular leukocytes

Answer 37

monocytes and lymphocytes

Question 38

what is the saying about number of WBC

Answer 38

never let my engine blow, 60 30 8 3 0

Question 39

the function of a platelet

Answer 39

transport of chemicals important for clotting, formation of temporary patch in the walls of damaged blood vessels, active contraction after clot formation has occured

Question 40

another name for platelet

Answer 40

thrombocyte

Question 41

hemopoiesis

Answer 41

process of blood cell formation

Question 42

what is the primary site of blood cell formation in an adult

Answer 42

red bone marrow

Question 43

in extreme conditions what is alternate place for blood cell formation

Answer 43

yellow marrow

Question 44

leukocytes are derived from

Answer 44

stem cells

Question 45

leukocytes are formed where

Answer 45

bone marrow but some migrate to thymus