Anatomy-Larynx Flashcards
Where is the larynx located?
From the posterior border of the oropharynx, down to the bottom of the cricoid cartilage and anterior to the pharynx.
What is the hole indicated below?
Laryngeal inlet (or auditus). It is bound superiorly by the epiglottis, laterally by the aryepiglotic fold and inferiorly by the arytenoid cartilage.
What structures are indicated below?
Unpaired cartilages: 1) Epiglottic 2) Thyroid 3) Cricoid. Paired cartilages: 4) Arytenoid 5) Corniculate 6) Cuneiform
What structures are indicated in the image below?
1) Cricothyroid muscle 2) Thyrohyoid membrane 3) Superior thyroid notch (just above laryngeal prominence) 4) Oblique line (lots of muscles attach here) 5) Superior cornu 6) Inferior cornu (articulates w/cricoid cartilage)
What joints are located around the cricoid cartilage?
The inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage articulates with the cricoid cartilage. The arytenoid cartilage also articulates
What structures are indicated in the image below?
1) Vocal ligament coming off of the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilage 2) Muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage 3) Corniculate cartilage extending off of the arytenoid cartilage
What structures are indicated in the image below?
1) Cuneiform cartilage 2) Corniculate cartilage 3) Cricoid cartilage 4) Arytenoid cartilage
What happens here when you swallow?
Muscles hike up the pharynx and larynx, the tongue pushes down on the epiglottis and the epiglottis folds down. It eventually touches the cuneiform, corniculate and arytenoid cartilage as it closes off the larynx.
What ligaments hold the epiglottis up to maintain the patency of your airway?
1) Thyroepiglottic ligament 2) Hyoepiglottic ligament
What ligaments and membranes unite the laryngeal cartilages?
1) Quadrangular membrane (thin) 2) Vestibular ligament 3) Conus elasticus 4) Vocal ligament
What structures are indicated in the image below?
1) Laryngeal inlet and vestibule 2) Epiglottic cartilage 3) Thyroid cartilage 4) Cricoid cartilage 5) Hyoid bone 6) Quadrangular membrane 7) Vestibular ligament 8) Vestibular fold (false vocal cords) 9) Conus elasticus 10) Vocal ligament 11) Vocal fold (true vocal cords or glottis) 12) Ventricle 13) Infraglottic cavity
What structures are indicated in the image below?
Pink arrow: vestibular fold. Green arrow: vocal fold
What are the intrinsic muscles of the larynx shown below? What innervates these muscles?
1) Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle (recurrent laryngeal) 2) Transverse arytenoid muscle (recurrent laryngeal 3) Aryepiglottic muscle 4) Lateral cricoarytenoid (recurrent laryngeal) 5) Thyroarytenoid (recurrent laryngeal) 6) Thyroepiglottic (recurrent laryngeal). Note that the only laryngeal muscle innervated by the external laryngeal nerve is the cricothyroid muscle.
What muscle is responsible for whispering?
Vocalis
What muscles are responsible for changing pitch during speech?
Cricothyroid muscles, thyroarytenoid muscles and vocalis. They lengthen and adjust tension on the vocal folds.
What muscle allows you to open the airway wide as seen below during forced inspiration? What does the opposite?
Posterior cricoarytenoid muscle. It pulls the cricoid cartilage open when it contracts. The lateral cricoarytenoid muscles do the opposite.
What laryngeal muscles are used to open the larynx during normal inspiration?
Transvere arytenoid muscles.
