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Anat/Phys > Anatomy Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy Chapter 2 Flashcards

0
Q

Anything that takes up space and has mass

A

Matter

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1
Q

The study of composition of matter

A

Chemistry

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2
Q

Basic building block of matter

A

Atoms

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3
Q

Has a mass positive charge and located in the nucleus

A

Protons

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4
Q

Has a mass neutral charge located in the nucleus

A

Neutron

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5
Q

Has no mass negative charge and in the electron cloud

A

Electrons

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6
Q

Center out cell all mass is here

A

Nucleus

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7
Q

Surround the nucleus

A

Electron cloud

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8
Q

Groups of similar atoms

A

Elements

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9
Q

Abbreviation of elements name

A

Chemical symbol

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10
Q

What is the weight in order from highest to lowest of human body chemicals

A 
Oxygen
Carbon
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
Calcium
Phosphorous
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11
Q

Same element with a different number of neurons

A

Isotopes

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12
Q

Number of protons and neutrons

A

Mass number

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13
Q

Smallest part of a compound that still acts like that compound

A

Molecules

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14
Q

Bond formed by transferring electrons

A

Ionic

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15
Q

Bond that shares electrons

A

Covalent

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16
Q

Define shape and definite volume

A

Solid

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17
Q

Definite volume no define shape

A

Liquids

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18
Q

No definite shape and boo definite volume

A

Gasses

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19
Q

Gives of heat makes bonds takes in energy

A

Exothermic

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20
Q

Gives of heart and breaks bonds

A

Endothermic

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21
Q

Decomposition

A

Catabolism

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22
Q

Combines things and forms

A

Anabolism

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23
Q

Can’t create our destroy matter

A

Law of conservation of mass

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24
Q

The ability to do work

A

Energy

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25
Q

Energy in motion

A

Kinetic

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26
Q

Stored energy

A

Potential

27
Q

Can’t create our destroy energy only changes form

A

Law of conservation of energy

28
Q

Amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction

A

Activation energy

29
Q

Proteins that are natural catalysts that end in ase

A

Enzymes

30
Q

Speeds up chemical reactions

A

Catalysts

31
Q

Slows down chemical reactions

A

Inhibitors

32
Q

No carbon to hydrogen bonds

Ex. CO2 O2

A

Inorganic compounds

33
Q

Strong acid and a strong base equals

A

Salt

34
Q

Substances that lower the acidity but raises the pH

A

Buffers

35
Q

Have carbon to hydrogen bonds

A

Organic compounds

36
Q

Nothing will dissolve

Ex. Fats and oils

A

Hydrophobic

37
Q

Dissolve very easy

Ex’s sugars and salts

A

Hydrophilic

38
Q

Main energy sugars and starches one to three percent of body mass

A

Carbohydrates

39
Q

Suited energy used for protection two tones the energy as carbohydrates

A

Lipids

40
Q

Build body tissues twenty percent of body weight

A

Proteins

41
Q

DNA and RNA

A

nucleic acids

42
Q

Simple sugars glucose and fructose

A

Monosaccharides

43
Q

Two monosaccharides put together

Table sugar and lactose

A

Disaccharides

44
Q

Starches

A

Polysaccharides

45
Q

Used for energy

A

Fatty acids

46
Q

Single bond

Ex Butter

A

Saturated

47
Q

Double bonded fats

Ex. Olive oil

A

Unsaturated fats

48
Q

Chemical messengers

A

Eicosanoids

49
Q

Body fat that is stored energy

Insulation protection and cushion

A

Glycerides

50
Q

Cholesterol

Used in membranes sexual function tissue metabolism and bile salts

A

Steroids

51
Q

Also used in cell membranes

A

Phospholipids

52
Q

What are the seven major functions off proteins

A 
Support
Movement
Transport
Buffering
Metabolic regulation
Coordination and control
Defense
53
Q

Reactant in a reaction

A

Substrates

54
Q

Only certain enzymes will break down certain things

A

Specificity

55
Q

Only so much enzymes in your body

A

Saturation limits

56
Q

The enzyme can be turned on or off

A

Regulation

57
Q

Large proteins that act as enzymes antibodies hormones or form cell parts creates mucous

A

Glycoproteins

58
Q

Synovial fluid that’s between your joints

A

Proteoglycans

59
Q

Generic blueprint that is double stranded

A

DNA

60
Q

Controls protein production

A

RNA

61
Q

DNA~ ribosome

A

Messenger(mRNA)

62
Q

carries amino acids to the ribosome

A

Transfer(tRNA)

63
Q

Puts together proteins

A

Ribosomal (rRNA)

64
Q

Least energy

A

AMP

65
Q

most energy

A

ATP

Anat/Phys (19 decks)

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