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Medicine 2 > Anatomy - Brain > Flashcards

Anatomy - Brain Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 meningeal layers?

A

Dura matter

Arachnoid matter

Pia matter

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2
Q

What are the 3 folds of the dura?

A

Falx cerebri

  • between 2 hemispheres

Tentorium cerebelli

  • tent over cerebellum

Falx cerebelli

  • divides cerebral hemispheres
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3
Q

What are the 4 lobes of the brain?

A
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4
Q

What does the hindbrain divide into?

A

Metencephalon

  • Pons, cerebellum

Myelencephalon

  • Medulla oblongata
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5
Q

What does the midbrain divide into?

A

Mesencephalon

Tectum, tegmentum, cerebral peduncles

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6
Q

What does the forebrain divide into?

A

Diencephalon

  • Thalamus, hypothalamus

Telencephalon

  • Basal ganglia, Cortex
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7
Q

What are these 4 sulcuses?

A

Cingulate sulcus

Marginal sulcus

Parieto-occipital sulcus

Calcarine sulcus

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8
Q

What are each of these parts?

A

Red = cerebellum

Purple = pons/medulla

Teal = ventricles

Blue = thalamus

Green = hippocampus

Oramge = caudate nucleus

Pink = putamen

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9
Q

What are these bumps called?

A

Tectum

superior and inferior colliculi

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10
Q

What are these?

What is each part called?

A

Cerebral peduncles = ears

Red nucleus = eyes

Substantia nigra = headband

Periacqueductal gray and cerebral aqueduct = mouth

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11
Q

What are the different parts of the ventricles called?

A
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12
Q

Label:

A
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13
Q

Label:

A
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14
Q

What does the fornix connect and what is its function?

A

Connects hippocampus to hypothalamus

Function = memory

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15
Q

What does the anterior commissure connect and what is its function?

A

Connects temporal lobes

Function = emotion

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16
Q

What does the posterior commissure connect and what is its function?

A

Connects superior colliculus to thalamus

Function = vision

17
Q

Overview of function of the pyramidal system?

A

Projection fibres connecting cortices to other brain structues and spinal cord

18
Q

What is the internal capsule?

What is after the internal capsule?

A

Where associated fibres converge

Cerebral peduncles (mickey’s ears)

19
Q

What do the corticobulbar and corticospinal tracts form?

A

Pyramidal tracts

20
Q

What is the function of the corticobulbar tract and where does it terminate?

A

Inputs to cranial nerves for head, neck, and face movement

Terminates in brainstem

21
Q

What is the route of the lateral and ventral corticospinal tracts and what is their function?

A

Lateral = crosses over at medulla

Ventral = remains on same side

Lower limb movement

22
Q

What are the 5 white matter fibres?

A

Uncinate fasciculus

Cingulum

Superior longitudinal fasciculus

Inferior longitudinal fasciculus

Fasciculus occipito-frontalis

23
Q

What is the role of the uncinate fasciculus?

A

Connects tip of frontal lobe to tip of temporal lobe

Emotion

24
Q

What is the role of the cingulum?

A

Connects frontal almost to occipital but curves inferiorly and posteriorly to temporal lobe

Emotion

25
Q

What is the role of the superior longitudinal fasciculus?

A

Connects anterior to posterior brain left and right separately

26
Q

What is the role of the fasciculuc occipito-frontalis?

A

Connects occipital to frontal lobe

27
Q

What are the 4 commissural fibres?

A

Corpus callosum (two hemispheres)

Fornix (above thalamus)

Anterior commissure (temporal lobe)

Posterior commisure

28
Q

What is white matter?

A

Myelinated axons

29
Q

What is the role of associated fibres, commisural fibres, and projection fibres?

A

Associated = info exchange in one hemisphere

Commissural = exchange between ehmispheres

Projection = carry info from cortex to other brain and spinal cord regions

30
Q

What is the cortex?

A

Thin layer of cells across whole brain surface

Medicine 2 (29 decks)

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