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Medicine - Year 1 > Anatomy - Block 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy - Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which is more superior? The thyroid or cricoid cartilage?

A 
Thyroid = Superior
Cricord = Inferior
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2
Q

Another name for conchae

A

Turbinate bones

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3
Q

What are enlarged pharangeal tonsils called?

A

Adenoids

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4
Q

What are the pillars of fauces?

Where are they found?

A

Palatoglossal fold, palatopharangeal fold and palatine tonsil
In a depression called the tonsillar fossa

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5
Q

What fold is found between the epiglottis and arytenoid carilage?

A

Aryepiglottic fold

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6
Q

What is the superior vocal fold called?

A

Ventricular fold OR Vestibular fold

They mean the same thing

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7
Q

What is the piriform fossa?

A

A recess on either side of the laryngeal orifice

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8
Q

What is another name for the primary bronchi?

A

Principal bronchi

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9
Q 
What vertebral level is the:
Hyoid bone
Cricoid cartilage
Suprasternal notch
Sternal angle
A

Hyoid bone: C4
Cricoid cartilage: C6
Suprasternal notch: T2
Sternal angle: T4/5

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10
Q

Which fissue of the lung is found on both lungs?

A

Oblique

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11
Q

What order do the pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries and bronchi enter the hilum in the right and left lung?

A

Bronchus always behind veins
Right lung: Artery anterior to bronchus
Left lung: Artery superior to bronchus

Right anterior left superior in relation to the artery

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12
Q

Which is more medial; the vagus or phrenic nerve?

A

Vagus more medial

Closer to the heart

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13
Q

Where are the lymph nodes found?

A

Near the bifurcation of the trachea

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14
Q

Where is the thoracic duct found?

A

Posterior to oesophagus; bewteen descending thoracic aorta and azygous vein

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15
Q

What is the pentagon-like shape at the top of the sternum called?

A

Manubrium of the sternum

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16
Q

Name a palm-tree-shaped muscle which extends from the mid-auxillary line
What type of muscle is it?

A

Serratus anterior

Accessory inspiratory muscle

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17
Q

What direction does the internal intercostal muscle run in?

A

UP

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18
Q

What direction does the external intercostal muscle run in?

A

DOWN

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19
Q

What are the three attachments of the ribs?

A

Vertebral attachments
Sternal attachments
Costochondral joints

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20
Q

What are the three hiatuses in the diaphragm?
What passes through them?
What vertebral levels are they at?

A

Caval hiatus: Inferior vena cava (T8)
Oesophageal hiatus: Oesophagus, Anterior and posterior vagal trunks (T10)
Aortic hiatus: Aorta, Azygous vein, Thoracic duct (T12)

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21
Q

What is another name for the diaphramatic border of the heart?

A

Inferior border

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22
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there?

A

4

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23
Q

What are the three surfaces of the heart called?

A 
Sternocostal surface (anterior of the heart)
Diaphragmatic surface (inferior of the heart)
Posterior surface/Base (posterior of the heart)
24
Q

What is the opposite to the foramen ovali?

A

Fossa ovalis

25
Q

What is the rough part of the atria called?

A

Musculi pectinati

26
Q

What is the partition between the rough and smooth parts of the atria called?

A

Crista terminalis

27
Q

Where are the auricles found?

A

On top of the atria

28
Q

What is the rough part of the ventricle called?

A

Trabeculae carnae

29
Q

What is the smooth part of the ventricle called?

A

Infundibulum

30
Q

How does blood leave the ventricles?

A

Via the outflow tract

31
Q

What structure bulges into the right ventricle

A

The interventricular septum

32
Q

What intercostal space are the aortic and pulmonary valves found in?

A

2nd intercostal space

33
Q

What is found below the aortic sinuses?

A

The aortic valve cusps

34
Q

What are the branches of the right coronary artery?

A

Right coronary artery –> Marginal Artery –> Posterior descending artery

35
Q

What are the branches of the left coronary artery?

A

Left coronary artery –> Left anterior descending coronary artery + Circumflex coronary artery

36
Q

What else drains into the right atria?

A

Coronary sinuses

37
Q

What are the three branches of the aortic arch? (IN ORDER)

Which one branches further and what does it branch into? (IN ORDER)

A

Brachiocephalic trunk - Left common carotid - Left subclavian

Brachiocephalic trunk - Right subclavian - Right common carotid

38
Q

Where does the descending thoracic aorta run?

Where does it bifurcate?

A

Between sternal angle (T4) and T12

Bifurcates at L4

39
Q

Where does the azygous vein drain blood from?

A

Bronchi, diaphragm, oesophagus, pericardium, posterior abdominal wall, posterior intercostal space

40
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta begin?
What dos it run parallel to?
Where does it bifurcare?

A

Begins at T12 (aortic hiatus)
Runs parallel to the inferior vena cava
Bifurcates at L4

41
Q

Where do the common iliac arteries originate from?
Where do they bifurcate themselves?
What do they bifurcate into?

A

Originate from the aortic bifurcation

Bifurcate themselves at the sarcoiliac joint into the internal and external

42
Q

What do the common iliac veins originate from?

A

From the anastomosis of the external and internal iliac veins

43
Q

Where does the inferior vena cava originate?

What does it originate form?

A

L5

From the anastomosis of the right and left iliac veins

44
Q

What is the role of the renal arteries?

Where do they begin?

A

To drain the kidney

L1

45
Q

What are the two types of gonadal veins?
Where do they originate?
What does the left and right gonasal veins drain into?

A

Ovarian and Testicular
T2
Left gonadal drains into the left renal
Right gonadal drains into the vena cava

46
Q

Where do the hepatic veins originate?

Where do they drain?

A

Liver

Vena cava

47
Q

What are the three bones which help find the position of the femoral artery?

A

Pubic symphysis
Pubic tubercle
Iliac spine

48
Q

What do the external and internal iliac arteries supply?

A

External: Lower limb
Internal: Pelvic organs and gluteal region

49
Q

What two vessels are in the femoral triangle?

What is the femoral triangle?

A

Femoral artery and vein

A depression at the front of the thigh

50
Q

What two vessels are in the popliteal fossa?

What is the popliteal fossa?

A

Popliteal artery and vein

A diamond shaped depression behind the knee

51
Q

Where is the posterior tibial artery?

A

Behind the medial malleotous

52
Q

What is a useful landmark for finding the radial artery?

A

The flexor carpi radialias

53
Q

Where does the subclavian artery become the auxillary artery?

A

At the lateral border of the first rib

54
Q

What are the main branches of the subclavian artery?

A 
Costocervical trunk
Dorsal scapular artery
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical trunk
Vertebral
55
Q

Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate?

A

C4

Upper border of the thyroid cartilage

56
Q

Where does the facial artery run?

A

Anterior to the masseter muscle

Medicine - Year 1 (20 decks)

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