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Medicine - Year 1 > Anatomy - Block 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy - Block 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Which is more superior? The thyroid or cricoid cartilage?

A 
Thyroid = Superior
Cricord = Inferior
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2
Q

Another name for conchae

A

Turbinate bones

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3
Q

What are enlarged pharangeal tonsils called?

A

Adenoids

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4
Q

What are the pillars of fauces?

Where are they found?

A

Palatoglossal fold, palatopharangeal fold and palatine tonsil
In a depression called the tonsillar fossa

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5
Q

What fold is found between the epiglottis and arytenoid carilage?

A

Aryepiglottic fold

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6
Q

What is the superior vocal fold called?

A

Ventricular fold OR Vestibular fold

They mean the same thing

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7
Q

What is the piriform fossa?

A

A recess on either side of the laryngeal orifice

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8
Q

What is another name for the primary bronchi?

A

Principal bronchi

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9
Q 
What vertebral level is the:
Hyoid bone
Cricoid cartilage
Suprasternal notch
Sternal angle
A

Hyoid bone: C4
Cricoid cartilage: C6
Suprasternal notch: T2
Sternal angle: T4/5

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10
Q

Which fissue of the lung is found on both lungs?

A

Oblique

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11
Q

What order do the pulmonary veins, pulmonary arteries and bronchi enter the hilum in the right and left lung?

A

Bronchus always behind veins
Right lung: Artery anterior to bronchus
Left lung: Artery superior to bronchus

Right anterior left superior in relation to the artery

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12
Q

Which is more medial; the vagus or phrenic nerve?

A

Vagus more medial

Closer to the heart

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13
Q

Where are the lymph nodes found?

A

Near the bifurcation of the trachea

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14
Q

Where is the thoracic duct found?

A

Posterior to oesophagus; bewteen descending thoracic aorta and azygous vein

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15
Q

What is the pentagon-like shape at the top of the sternum called?

A

Manubrium of the sternum

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16
Q

Name a palm-tree-shaped muscle which extends from the mid-auxillary line
What type of muscle is it?

A

Serratus anterior

Accessory inspiratory muscle

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17
Q

What direction does the internal intercostal muscle run in?

A

UP

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18
Q

What direction does the external intercostal muscle run in?

A

DOWN

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19
Q

What are the three attachments of the ribs?

A

Vertebral attachments
Sternal attachments
Costochondral joints

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20
Q

What are the three hiatuses in the diaphragm?
What passes through them?
What vertebral levels are they at?

A

Caval hiatus: Inferior vena cava (T8)
Oesophageal hiatus: Oesophagus, Anterior and posterior vagal trunks (T10)
Aortic hiatus: Aorta, Azygous vein, Thoracic duct (T12)

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21
Q

What is another name for the diaphramatic border of the heart?

A

Inferior border

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22
Q

How many pulmonary veins are there?

A

4

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23
Q

What are the three surfaces of the heart called?

A 
Sternocostal surface (anterior of the heart)
Diaphragmatic surface (inferior of the heart)
Posterior surface/Base (posterior of the heart)
24
Q

What is the opposite to the foramen ovali?

A

Fossa ovalis

25
What is the rough part of the atria called?
Musculi pectinati
26
What is the partition between the rough and smooth parts of the atria called?
Crista terminalis
27
Where are the auricles found?
On top of the atria
28
What is the rough part of the ventricle called?
Trabeculae carnae
29
What is the smooth part of the ventricle called?
Infundibulum
30
How does blood leave the ventricles?
Via the outflow tract
31
What structure bulges into the right ventricle
The interventricular septum
32
What intercostal space are the aortic and pulmonary valves found in?
2nd intercostal space
33
What is found below the aortic sinuses?
The aortic valve cusps
34
What are the branches of the right coronary artery?
Right coronary artery --> Marginal Artery --> Posterior descending artery
35
What are the branches of the left coronary artery?
Left coronary artery --> Left anterior descending coronary artery + Circumflex coronary artery
36
What else drains into the right atria?
Coronary sinuses
37
What are the three branches of the aortic arch? (IN ORDER) | Which one branches further and what does it branch into? (IN ORDER)
Brachiocephalic trunk - Left common carotid - Left subclavian Brachiocephalic trunk - Right subclavian - Right common carotid
38
Where does the descending thoracic aorta run? | Where does it bifurcate?
Between sternal angle (T4) and T12 | Bifurcates at L4
39
Where does the azygous vein drain blood from?
Bronchi, diaphragm, oesophagus, pericardium, posterior abdominal wall, posterior intercostal space
40
Where does the abdominal aorta begin? What dos it run parallel to? Where does it bifurcare?
Begins at T12 (aortic hiatus) Runs parallel to the inferior vena cava Bifurcates at L4
41
Where do the common iliac arteries originate from? Where do they bifurcate themselves? What do they bifurcate into?
Originate from the aortic bifurcation | Bifurcate themselves at the sarcoiliac joint into the internal and external
42
What do the common iliac veins originate from?
From the anastomosis of the external and internal iliac veins
43
Where does the inferior vena cava originate? | What does it originate form?
L5 | From the anastomosis of the right and left iliac veins
44
What is the role of the renal arteries? | Where do they begin?
To drain the kidney | L1
45
What are the two types of gonadal veins? Where do they originate? What does the left and right gonasal veins drain into?
Ovarian and Testicular T2 Left gonadal drains into the left renal Right gonadal drains into the vena cava
46
Where do the hepatic veins originate? | Where do they drain?
Liver | Vena cava
47
What are the three bones which help find the position of the femoral artery?
Pubic symphysis Pubic tubercle Iliac spine
48
What do the external and internal iliac arteries supply?
External: Lower limb Internal: Pelvic organs and gluteal region
49
What two vessels are in the femoral triangle? | What is the femoral triangle?
Femoral artery and vein | A depression at the front of the thigh
50
What two vessels are in the popliteal fossa? | What is the popliteal fossa?
Popliteal artery and vein | A diamond shaped depression behind the knee
51
Where is the posterior tibial artery?
Behind the medial malleotous
52
What is a useful landmark for finding the radial artery?
The flexor carpi radialias
53
Where does the subclavian artery become the auxillary artery?
At the lateral border of the first rib
54
What are the main branches of the subclavian artery?
``` Costocervical trunk Dorsal scapular artery Internal thoracic Thyrocervical trunk Vertebral ```
55
Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate?
C4 | Upper border of the thyroid cartilage
56
Where does the facial artery run?
Anterior to the masseter muscle

Medicine - Year 1 (20 decks)

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