Anatomical Terminology

Question 1

What is anatomical terminology?

Answer 1

precise scientific terms used to describe the body

Question 2

Why is anatomical terminology used?

Answer 2

for precise communication among health professionals and scientists

Question 3

What are terms of direction used for?

Answer 3

to accurately and uniformily describe where something is in the body relative to another structure in the body in anatomical position

Question 4

What is anatomical position for a human?

Answer 4

standing with erect posture, facing forwards with arms to the side and palms forwards

Question 5

What are terms of movement used for?

Answer 5

to describe the actions of muscle on the skeleton with the body in anatomical position

Question 6

What is the anatomical position for quadrapeds?

Answer 6

stood square with head facing forwards

Question 7

What does superior mean?

Answer 7

towards the head§

Question 8

what does inferior mean?

Answer 8

towards the feet

Question 9

what does medial mean?

Answer 9

towards the midline

Question 10

what does lateral mean?

Answer 10

away from the midline

Question 11

what is the midline/sagital plane?

Answer 11

invisible line down the centre of a human while in anatomical position

Question 12

What does anterior mean?

Answer 12

towards the front

Question 13

What does posterior mean?

Answer 13

towards the back

Question 14

What does proximal mean?

Answer 14

the part of the limb closest to the body

Question 15

what does distal mean?

Answer 15

the part of the limb further from the body

Question 16

what is the back of the hand in anatomical position known as?

Answer 16

dorsal

Question 17

What is the front of the hand known as in anatomical position?

Answer 17

palmar

Question 18

What is the top of the foot known as in anatomical position?

Answer 18

dorsal

Question 19

what is the bottom of the foot in anatomical position known as?

Answer 19

plantar

Question 20

In quadrapeds how should you refur to things towards the head?

Answer 20

cranial

Question 21

In quadrapeds how should you refur to things towards the tail?

Answer 21

caudal

Question 22

In quadrapeds how should you refur to things towards the back?

Answer 22

dorsal

Question 23

In quadrapeds how should you refur to things towards the belly?

Answer 23

ventral

Question 24

Are the descriptions proximal and distal used for the same descriptions in humans and quadrapeds?

Answer 24

yes

Question 25

Are the descriptions medial and lateral used for the same descriptions in humans and quadrapeds?

Answer 25

yes

Question 26

Superior to the knee (carpus) and hock () joints how should the front and back of the legs be refurred to in quadrapeds?

Answer 26

cranial or caudal

Question 27

Inferior to the knee (carpus) and hock () joints how should the front and back of the legs be refurred to in quadrapeds?

Answer 27

dorsal (towards head) on both front and back legs, and palmar for front legs and plantar for back legs

Question 28

What does rostral mean?

Answer 28

towards the nose

Question 29

What is flexion?

Answer 29

decrease of the angle between two bones/structures

Question 30

What is extension?

Answer 30

increase of the angle between two bones/structures

Question 31

Define adduction

Answer 31

movement towards the midline

Question 32

Define abduction

Answer 32

movement away from the midline

Question 33

What is pronation?

Answer 33

placement of the palm downwards

Question 34

What is supination?

Answer 34

placement of palm upwards

Question 35

What is the sagital plane of section?

Answer 35

down the midline (centre of the body)

Question 36

What are the parasagittal/paramedial plane of section?

Answer 36

parallel to the sagital/midline plane but off centre

Question 37

How do transverse/horizontal sections divide the body?

Answer 37

top to bottom, parallel to the ground

Question 38

How does a frontal/coronal plane divide the body?

Answer 38

front to back

Question 39

How does a transverse section differ between humans and quadrupeds?

Answer 39

divides cranial and cordal parts as opposed to superior and inferior

Question 40

What is the dorsal section of a quadruped?

Answer 40

divides the dorsal and ventral halves of the body horizontally

Question 41

How is a cross section of tissues cut?

Answer 41

cut directly transverse through the tissue

Question 42

What is an oblique section of a tissue?

Answer 42

cross section but on an angle

Question 43

What is a longitudinal section?

Answer 43

along the long axis of a structure

Question 44

What does superficial refer to?

Answer 44

close to the skin/surface

Question 45

What does deep refer to?

Answer 45

further into a structure

Question 46

Give the prefixes used to describe above

Answer 46

supra-, epi-

Question 47

Give the prefixes used to describe below

Answer 47

infra-, hypo-,

Question 48

Give the prefix used to describe behind

Answer 48

retro-

Question 49

Give the prefix to describe around

Answer 49

circum-

Question 50

give the prefix used to describe next to

Answer 50

juxta-