Anatomical Basis of Clinical Tests Part 1

Question 1

CNS components

Answer 1

brain and spinal cord

somatic: voluntary control
autonomic: involuntary control

Question 2

PNS components

Answer 2

peripheral NS

efferent: motor n.
afferent: sensory n.

Question 3

Spinal Nerve Distribution

Answer 3

dermatomes: segmental cutaneous skin innervations (afferent)

Question 4

Peripheral Nerve Distribution

Answer 4

Axons from spinal nerves combine to form peripheral nerves

Question 5

Clinical symptoms for Nervous System damage

Answer 5

Paresthesia (tingling)
Diminished (diminished sensation)
Weakness (nerve effected by muscle)
Pain (pressure on nerve)
Movement dysfunction

Question 6

Causes of NS damage

Answer 6

Pressure
Ischemia
Metabolic/chemical changes
Disease
Trauma

Question 7

Superficial sensory testing

Answer 7

exteroceptors; tests for sensations of pain, light touch, temperature, and pressure

Question 8

Deep sensory testing

Answer 8

proprioceptors; position sense, kinesthesia, vibration

Question 9

combined cortical testing

Answer 9

stereognosis: 2 pt. discrimination, graphesthesia, texture