Analysing movement with technology Flashcards
Limb kinematics
What is it?
What is it often viewed as?
Measures:
- This is the study of movement in relation to time and space.
- It is often viewed as a 3D or optical motion analysis which records an athlete performing a skill.
The recording of the skill allows for (in all planes of movement):
- joint and limb efficiency - measurements of bone geometry - displacement - velocity/ acceleration
Pros (6) and cons (4) of limb kinematics
Pros:
- data produced is immediate
- is objective
- highly accurate
- used to adjust technique and improve performance
- can focus on specific limbs or equipment
- can look at stages of execution: preparation, execution and recovery
Cons:
- accuracy and repeatability of results depends on correct placement of body markers
- mathematical principles do not account for individual differences
- highly specialised and expensive
- largely limited to lab conditions – makes some sporting situations difficult.
Force plates
Ground reaction forces can be measured in lab conditions using the force plates. Data from the athlete balancing, running or jumping on the plate can be used to: (3)
What is it commonly used for?
When an object or limb makes contact with the force plate…?
- assess the size and direction of forces acting on an athlete
- measure acceleration rates
- measure work and power output.
It is commonly uses for:
- sports biomechanics assessment,
- gait analysis,
- balance,
- rehabilitation and physical therapy.
When an object or limb makes contact with the force plate an electrical output is given proportional to the force being applied. The size of force and time it’s applied can be displayed in 3 planes of motion.
Pros (2) and cons (3) of force plates
Pros:
- immediate, accurate and reliable results
- used to analyse performance and health
Cons:
- specialist
- expensive
- as it’s carried out in lab conditions performers may adapt what they do, i.e. their run up or take off.
Wind tunnels
What do they do?
What is the aim of it?
- Wind tunnels have instruments that measure the forces produced by air against the surface of the object.
- The aim of such equipment is to improve air flow around the object, streamlining the path and potentially increasing lift or decreasing drag.
Pros (3) and Cons (3) of Wind Tunnels
Pros:
- engineers can control variables such as wind speed and direction
- can control cross winds
- measures air resistance and flow with accuracy
Cons:
- very specialised facilities are needed
- expensive
- requires complex analysis of results.