Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Biomed yr2 > anaemia > Flashcards

anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

oxyhaemaglobin

A

oxygenated state of Hb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

whats the functional form of Fe

A

Fe3+

fe atom remains in reduced form

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is Hb used as a buffer

A

H+ ions left over from dissociation of carbonic aci to bicarbonate bind to globin chains of Hb
Hv maintains the stable plasma pH of 7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

role of band 3 protein

A

anion transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

role of glycophorin A

A

maintance of neg chaege

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

role of glycophorin C

A

regulates cell shape and membrane stability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

role of ankyrin

A

links lipids to spectrin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

spectrin role

A

maintence of biconcav disc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

common symptoms of anaemia

A 
short breath
weakness
pallor
llethargy
palpitations
headaches
confusion
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

clinical signs of anaemia

A 
concave nails
jaundice
leg ulcers
bone defomaties
recurrent infections
bruising
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

normal value for mean cell volume

A

80-101

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

normal vlaue for mea cell Hb MCH

A

27-34

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

normal value for mean corpuscular Hb concentration MCHC

A

300-350

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

classifications of anaemia by cell size

A

microcytic
normoctyic
macrocytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

classification of anaemia by Hb

A

hypochromic
normochromic
hyperchromic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

other extra classifications of anaemia

A

imparied production

loss of RBC or destruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is normocytic normochomic anaemia

A

RBC normal vol normal amount of Hb and normal concentration

BUT count is low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

causes of normocytic and normochromic anaemia

A

acute bleed
marrow failure
haemolysis
renal failure, EPO deficiency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is microcytic hypochromic anaemia

A

RBC low volum
low concentration Hb
less Hb too
low MCV MCH and MCHC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

causes of microcytic hypochromic anaemia

A

Fe deficiency

thalassemia

21
Q

what is macrocytic normochrmic anaemia

A 
RBC could low
RBC increased volume
Hb normal 
- MCV increased
-MCHC normal
- MCH increased
22
Q

causes of macrocytic normochromic anaemia

A

b12 or folate deficiency

23
Q

clinical causes of anaemia and red cell diseases

A
  • bleeding
  • b12/folate deficiency
  • RBC cytoskeletal disorders
  • impairment of erythropoiesis
  • acquired haemolyic anaemia
  • RBC enzympoathies
  • haemoaglobinophathy
24
Q

anaemis due toacute blood loss

A

normocytic normochonic anaemia

25
Q

anamia due to iron deficiency

A

IDA
microcytic hypochromic
small, pale missshaped RBC

26
Q

treatment of IDA

A

replenishment of iron, oral or injectios

27
Q

anaemia caused by b12 or folate deficiency

A

macrocytic

normochromic

28
Q

what are the types of cytoskeletal RBC disorders that can cause anaemia

A
  1. hereditary elliocytosis

2. heriditary spherocytosis

29
Q

herditary ellipocytosis causing anaemia

A

cytoskeletal RBC disorder
normocytic norochomic
- spectrin, glycophorin C

30
Q

hereditary spherocytosis causing anaemia

A

cytoskeletal RBC disroder
normocytic, normochromic
- spectrin, ankyrin, band 3

31
Q

what are acquired impariments of erythropieisis

A
  • bone marrow ilfiltration /cancers

- transient failure

32
Q

what type of anaemia does impariment of erythrpoeisis cause

A

normocytic normochromic

tear-drop poililocytes

33
Q

what are the two types of inherited erythropoiesis

A
  • fanconi anaemia

- diamon blackfan anaemia

34
Q

what is fanconi anaemia

A

inherited impairment of erythropoiesis

progresive bone marrow failure

35
Q

what are the types of aquired haemolytic anaemia

A
  • autoimmune

- microangiopathic mechanical fragmentation

36
Q

what is autoimmune acquired haemolytic anaeia

A

normocytic normocromic anaemia

idiopathic but might be drug induced

37
Q

what is microangiopathic anaemia

A

acquired haemolytic anaemia
associiated with mechanican heart values
- normocytic and normochromic

38
Q

congenital haemolytic anaemia types

A

RBC enzympoathies
normoc`qytic normchomic
cellular dehydration
haemolysis occurs

39
Q

what is haemoglobinopathy?

A

2 categories

  • strucural
  • thalasaemia
40
Q

what is structural haemaglobinopathy

A

amino acid subsututions leading to changes

eg sickle cell anaemia

41
Q

what is sickle cell anaemia

A 
strucutral haemaglobinopathy
normochomic normocytic
polymorphism
distored shap RBC
can be asympomatic of heterozygote
42
Q

why is sickle cell anaemia called a balanced polymorphism

A

heterozygote with the disease will be more fit than a homzygote

43
Q

thalasaemia haemoglobinopathy

A

group of inherited RBC disorders

characterised by reduced globin chain synthesis

44
Q

what is alpha thalasaemia

A

inability to synthesise alpha globin chains

mild microcytic hypochromic anaemia

45
Q

what is beta thalassamiia

A

impaired synthsis of beta globin chains

leads to ineffective erythropoiesis and reduced RBC survival, cleared by spleen

46
Q

examples of normocytic normochomic anaemia

A

bleeding
haemolysis
drug induced anaemia
strucutral variants of Hb

47
Q

examples of microcytic hypochromic anaemia

A

fe deficiency
thalassaemiae
strucural variations

48
Q

exaxples of macrocytic normochomic anaemia

A

B12/folate deficiency
anaemia due to alcholism
blackfan diamond

Clinical Biomed yr2 (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions