Amylase (AMY) Flashcards
other name for amylase
Alpha 1,4-glucan-4-glucohydrolase
function of amylase
- digestion and absorption of carbohydrates
- breakdown of branching linkages of polysaccharides
breakdown of starch and glycogen via
alpha, 1-6 branching linkages
major tissues involved in amylase
pancreas
salivary gland
minor tissues involved in amylase
Fallopian tube
Adipose tissue
Skeletal muscle
Small Intestine
FASS
Clinical Significance of Amylase
Acute pancreatitis
Renal Failture
Parotitis
Mumps
Most frequent in male; extreme pain while sleeping
Acute pancreatitis
fastest to elevate in acute pancreatitis
Amylase
Rise of amylase after onset of attack
2-12 hrs
Peak of Amylase (AP)
24 Hrs
Incase of AP it Normalize Amylase within
3-4 days
is amylase normal in urine
yes
smallest enzyme present in plasma
amylase
Relationship between levels of amylase in plasma and urine
Directly proportional
Amylase level: Renal Disease
Increase in Plasma
Decrease in Urine
Amylase level: Acute Pancreatitis
Increase in Plasma & Urine
Isoenzymes of Amylase
Salivary Amylase (S Type)
Pancreatic Amylase (P Type)
Salivary Amylase Characteristics
Ptyalin
Fast moving
Pancreatic Amylase Characteritics
Amylopsin
Slow moving
Amylase Methodologies
Amyloclastic
Saccharogenic
Chromogenic
Continuous Monitoring
SACC
Coupling of several enzyme to measure enzyme activity
Continuous monitoring
measures the disappearance of starch substance
Amyloclastic
measures the appearance of substance (starch —> reducing sugar)
Saccharogenic
measures increasing color from product
(Insoluble starch dye - soluble starch dye)
Chromogenic
Iodine reacts only with
Complex sugars
Amyloclastic: Once the enzyme attacks the substrate it will result to
decrease substrate concentration
Amyloclastic: If the substrate concentration decreases what will happen next
Starch releases simple sugars = Iodine will not react with it = Decrease color intensity
Amyloclastic: Substitute for Starch as substrate
Glycogen
If glycogen will react to iodine it will produce
Mahogany brown color
Saccharogenic: once the amylase attacks starch, starch will release
reducing sugar
Saccharogenic: Reducing sugar from Starch has what kind of relationship to enzyme activity
Directly proportional
Chromogenic: Insoluble starch dye will produce fragment, fragment is responsible for
Color reaction
Chromogenic: product produced has what kind of relationship to enzyme activity
Directly Proportional
Continuous Monitoring Assay:
Last enzyme involved in reaction
Oxidoreductase
Continuous Monitoring Assay:
Last reaction
conversion of coenzyme (NAD –> NADH)
Continuous Monitoring Assay:
Measures absorbance at?
Increase @340 nm
Continuous Monitoring Assay:
Second substrate, indicator used
A-glucosidase
Hexokinase
G-6-PD