Aminoglycosides Flashcards

1
Q

What are the aminoglycosides?

A
  1. Gentamicin (gentak): on chart
  2. Tobramycin (tobrex): on chart
  3. Amikacin
  4. Streptomycin
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2
Q

What are the routes of administration for aminoglycosides?

A
  1. Gentamicin (gentak): IV
  2. Tobramycin (tobrex): IV
  3. Amikacin: IV
  4. Streptomycin: IM
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3
Q

What is the MOA for the aminoglycosides?

A
  1. bind to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and interfere with an initiation complex between mRNA and the 30S subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis
  2. Oxygen-dependent, active transport across the bacterial cell membrane
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4
Q

What gram positive bacteria are aminoglycosides effective against?

A
  1. Enterococci: NEVER as monotherapy
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5
Q

What gram negative bacteria are aminoglycosides effective against?

A
  1. Enterobacteriaceae

2. Pseudomonas

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6
Q

What anaerobic bacteria are aminoglycosides effective against?

A

NONE

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7
Q

What are the clinical indications for aminoglycosides?

A
  1. Initial therapy for gram negative sepsis
  2. UTI
  3. Combo therapy for ampicillin or vancomycin for severe enterococcal infections
  4. Combo therapy with PCN for viridians group strep endocarditis
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8
Q

What are the se for aminoglycosides?

A
  1. Nephrotoxicity
  2. Ototoxicity, esp with loop diuretics
  3. Neuromuscular blockage: rare
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