Aminoglycosides Flashcards
1
Q
What are the aminoglycosides?
A
- Gentamicin (gentak): on chart
- Tobramycin (tobrex): on chart
- Amikacin
- Streptomycin
2
Q
What are the routes of administration for aminoglycosides?
A
- Gentamicin (gentak): IV
- Tobramycin (tobrex): IV
- Amikacin: IV
- Streptomycin: IM
3
Q
What is the MOA for the aminoglycosides?
A
- bind to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and interfere with an initiation complex between mRNA and the 30S subunit, inhibiting protein synthesis
- Oxygen-dependent, active transport across the bacterial cell membrane
4
Q
What gram positive bacteria are aminoglycosides effective against?
A
- Enterococci: NEVER as monotherapy
5
Q
What gram negative bacteria are aminoglycosides effective against?
A
- Enterobacteriaceae
2. Pseudomonas
6
Q
What anaerobic bacteria are aminoglycosides effective against?
A
NONE
7
Q
What are the clinical indications for aminoglycosides?
A
- Initial therapy for gram negative sepsis
- UTI
- Combo therapy for ampicillin or vancomycin for severe enterococcal infections
- Combo therapy with PCN for viridians group strep endocarditis
8
Q
What are the se for aminoglycosides?
A
- Nephrotoxicity
- Ototoxicity, esp with loop diuretics
- Neuromuscular blockage: rare