Aminoglycosides Flashcards
What is an example of an aminoglycoside?
vancomycin
what is the therapeutic range of vancomycin and how should it be stored?
10-25
should be kept in a cool temperature
what should you know?
-very powerful antibiotics
-gram negative bacteria such as:
meningitis, infective endocarditis, septicemia
adverse effects of aminoglycosides?
ototoxicity=causes ear damage
nephrotoxicity =causes renal damage
hearing ringing, dizziness
who should not be given aminoglycosides?
not to be given during pregnancy
what is the peak IV for vancomycin?
30 minutes
What is the peak for PO vancomycin?
1 hour
what is the trough of vancomycin?
within 30 minutes prior of giving a subsequent dose
what is the antidote for vancomycin/aminoglycosides?
CALCIUM GLUCONATE
what do aminoglycosides end in?
mycin or micin
NCLEX: what needs to be reported as early signs of renal toxicity?
vertigo-loss of balance
ATAXIA-inability to walk
tinnitus-ringing of the ears
always report and hold over 20?
vancomycin
in aminoglycosides we always have an increase in toxic effects?
always notify the HCP of increasing BUN and creatinine
above 20 for BUN
above 1.3 for creatinine
urine output of 30 ml/hour or less signifies=kidney in distress
aminoglycosisdes examples?
neomycin
gentamicin
tobramycin
aminoglycosides are toxic when combined with?
vancomycin
what is the difference between vancomycin and aminoglycosides?
vancomycin has red man’s syndrome but aminoglycosides do not
how is red man’s syndrome seen?
hypotension= low blood pressure
flushing/pruritis “itchy skin”
red rash in the face, neck, and extremities
what is the preferred method of giving vancomycin?
PICC line
make sure the IV is working and patent before administration
what is normal during Vancomycin administration? what must you assess for?
VANCOMYCIN BURNS THE VEIN causing thrombophlebitis
assess the site every 30 minutes for redness, swelling, and pain.
does vancomycin have an effect on magnesium levels?
no it does not so their is no need to monitor deep tendon reflexes, mental status, or anti-nausea medications
vancomycin key words:
monitor blood pressure-biggest priority
infuse slowly since rapid infusion causes red man’s syndrome so infuse slowly over 60 minutes at least.
when is there an increased risk in aminoglycodies?
the elderly
high doses
decreased renal function
what is a normal finding in aminoglycosides?
MUCLES ACHES AND CRAMPING as long as they do not have a NEUROMUSCUALR DISEASE this is a normal finding.
what is contraindicated for aminoglycosides?
neuromuscular disease patients
