Aminoglycosides

Question 1

What is an example of an aminoglycoside?

Answer 1

vancomycin

Question 2

what is the therapeutic range of vancomycin and how should it be stored?

Answer 2

10-25

should be kept in a cool temperature

Question 3

what should you know?

Answer 3

-very powerful antibiotics
-gram negative bacteria such as:
meningitis, infective endocarditis, septicemia

Question 4

adverse effects of aminoglycosides?

Answer 4

ototoxicity=causes ear damage
nephrotoxicity =causes renal damage
hearing ringing, dizziness

Question 5

who should not be given aminoglycosides?

Answer 5

not to be given during pregnancy

Question 6

what is the peak IV for vancomycin?

Answer 6

30 minutes

Question 7

What is the peak for PO vancomycin?

Answer 7

1 hour

Question 8

what is the trough of vancomycin?

Answer 8

within 30 minutes prior of giving a subsequent dose

Question 9

what is the antidote for vancomycin/aminoglycosides?

Answer 9

CALCIUM GLUCONATE

Question 10

what do aminoglycosides end in?

Answer 10

mycin or micin

Question 11

NCLEX: what needs to be reported as early signs of renal toxicity?

Answer 11

vertigo-loss of balance
ATAXIA-inability to walk
tinnitus-ringing of the ears

Question 12

always report and hold over 20?

Answer 12

vancomycin

Question 13

in aminoglycosides we always have an increase in toxic effects?

Answer 13

always notify the HCP of increasing BUN and creatinine
above 20 for BUN
above 1.3 for creatinine
urine output of 30 ml/hour or less signifies=kidney in distress

Question 14

aminoglycosisdes examples?

Answer 14

neomycin
gentamicin
tobramycin

Question 15

aminoglycosides are toxic when combined with?

Answer 15

vancomycin

Question 16

what is the difference between vancomycin and aminoglycosides?

Answer 16

vancomycin has red man’s syndrome but aminoglycosides do not

Question 17

how is red man’s syndrome seen?

Answer 17

hypotension= low blood pressure
flushing/pruritis “itchy skin”
red rash in the face, neck, and extremities

Question 18

what is the preferred method of giving vancomycin?

Answer 18

PICC line

make sure the IV is working and patent before administration

Question 19

what is normal during Vancomycin administration? what must you assess for?

Answer 19

VANCOMYCIN BURNS THE VEIN causing thrombophlebitis

assess the site every 30 minutes for redness, swelling, and pain.

Question 20

does vancomycin have an effect on magnesium levels?

Answer 20

no it does not so their is no need to monitor deep tendon reflexes, mental status, or anti-nausea medications

Question 21

vancomycin key words:

Answer 21

monitor blood pressure-biggest priority

infuse slowly since rapid infusion causes red man’s syndrome so infuse slowly over 60 minutes at least.

Question 22

when is there an increased risk in aminoglycodies?

Answer 22

the elderly
high doses
decreased renal function

Question 23

what is a normal finding in aminoglycosides?

Answer 23

MUCLES ACHES AND CRAMPING as long as they do not have a NEUROMUSCUALR DISEASE this is a normal finding.

Question 24

what is contraindicated for aminoglycosides?

Answer 24

neuromuscular disease patients

Question 25

during a reaction (allergic)?

Answer 25

1.) stop the infusion or hold it
2.) assess the type of reaction= auscultate the lungs
3.) epinephrine
E-edema “angioedema”
P-pruritis/hives
I- Inspiratory/expiratory wheezing

MAKE SURE THAT YOU ASSESS THE TYPE OF REACTION #1 BEFORE CALLING THE HCP and pharmacy you want to assess first then do an intervention.