Amino acid

Question 1

Draw the structure of glycine and give the formula

Answer 1

https://bam.files.bbci.co.uk/bam/live/content/zty9239/medium

H2NCH2COOH

Question 2

Describe the structure of an amino acid

Answer 2

Amino acids have two different functional groups
On the left hand side there is the amine group (H-N-H) and on the right hand side there is the carboxylic acid group (O=C-OH)

Question 3

Explain why an amino acid molecules can react to form a condensation polymer

Answer 3

Because an amino acid molecule has two different functional groups, they can react to form a condensation polymer

Question 4

How do we know that the reaction of glycine molecules is a condensation polymerisation reaction

Answer 4

In the reaction we also form a molecule of water

Question 5

Describe how amino acids form polypeptides and proteins

Question 6

show how glycine molecules can form condensation polymers
label the amide/peptide link

Answer 6

https://cdn.savemyexams.com/cdn-cgi/image/w=1280,f=auto/uploads/2020/01/Peptide-Link.png

https://cdn.savemyexams.com/cdn-cgi/image/w=1280,f=auto/uploads/2020/01/Forming-a-Protein.png

Question 7

show the condensation polymerisation reaciton of glycine

Answer 7

nH2NCH2COOH –> (-HNCH2COO-)n + nH2O

n tells us the number of glycine molecules taking part in the reaction

Question 8

What is a polypeptide

Answer 8

Because this polymer is made from only one type of amino acid we call it a polypeptide

Question 9

What is a protein

Answer 9

When we combine different amino acids into the same chain, we now call the polymer a protein

Question 10

describe the structure of DNA

Answer 10

DNA molecules CONSISTS OF two polymer chains, made from four different monomers called nucleotides, in the form of a double helix

The two polymer chains wrap around each other to form a double helix

Question 11

what are the nucleotide monomers

Answer 11

A,T,G,C

Question 12

Describe other polymers that we find in living organisms

Answer 12

Other naturally occurring polymers important for life include proteins, starch and cellulose

Proteins are polymers of amino acids
Starch is a polymer of glucose
Cellulose is a polymer of glucose
But in these two cases the glucose molecules are arranged in slightly different ways

Question 13

name the types of monomers from
which these naturally occurring polymers are made.

Answer 13

Proteins are polymers of amino acids
Starch is a polymer of glucose
Cellulose is a polymer of glucose
But in these two cases the glucose molecules are arranged in slightly different ways

Question 14

FUNCTION OF DNA

Answer 14

DNA encodes genetic instructions for the development and
functioning of living organisms and viruses.