Allophonic Variation of place Flashcards
What does allophones mean?
Small differences in consonant (or vowel) sounds that speakers of a language rarely notice
M_d changes due to
Context
Que? Changes due to
Language
Changes can be due to
Personal choice
Voiced means
Vocal fold vibration
Voiceless means
No focal fold vibration
P- voiceless, bilabial, plosive
Pin, spin
Are they exactly the same?
Depends on accent but p in pin has aspiration whereas p in spin is unaspirated
So these p sounds are very similar but
Produced slightly differently
If we make the p in pin unaspirated and the p in spin aspirated,
The sound the same but they sound odd
What is aspiration?
Air released during the opening/release phase of a voiceless plosive
As a result of voicing, voicing of the next sound (vowel) is
Delayed. This is known as an aspirated stop
Aspiration is
Release of air/h-like after voiceless plosive at beginning of word
Aspiration in words like
Tin, pin, kin
If voiceless plosive is after s
Then no aspiration (unaspirated plosive) e.g stop, spot,Scot
Multisyllabic words: aspiration in stressed syllables-
If voiceless plosive in syllable initial position
P is aspirated in depend
T is aspirated in attack
Aspiration is not used
Contrastively in English- no change in meaning
In Armenian aspiration results in
Change in meaning
What about when voiceless plosive is followed by an approximant?
Plosive still has aspiration. Aspiration makes following approximant voiceless
R in praise
L in plot
W in quick
What is voice onset time?
Release of plosive to start of voicing for vowel
VOT is longer for
Voiceless plosives than for voiced
60-70msec vs 10-20msec
VOT and speech disorders: voicing is very important in English
Confusion is common error
VOT is a measure of great use in describing range of
Developmental, neuromotor and/or linguistic disorders
Hearing impairments do not produce
Big differences in VOT (to distinguish voiced and voiceless)
Aphasia
Problems creating differences in VOT
What is pre-aspiration?
Period of aspiration at end of vowel, liquid (l or r), nasal preceding following consonant
Pre aspiration is longer
Than aspiration after stop release
