Allergy & Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Angioedema – best initial test?

A

Look for:

  • Deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor
  • Decreased C2 & C4 in complement pathway
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2
Q

Angioedema – Tx?

A
  1. Ecallantide or FFP
  2. Androgens (Danazol & Stanazol) as long-term Tx
  3. Ensure airway protection first!
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3
Q

Urticaria – what is it?

A

Swelling of superficial layers of skin

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4
Q

Urticaria – Tx?

A
  1. Antihistamines – Hydroxyzine, DIphenhydramine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine, Cetirizine, Ranitidine
  2. Leukotriene receptor antagonists – Montelukast or Zafirlukast
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5
Q

Type of murmur heard in Aortic Dissection?

A

Diastolic Decrescendo – Aortic Regurgitation

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6
Q

Supraventricular Tachycardia – Tx?

A

Meds or maneuvers to increase vagal tone

  • if refractory or has unstable vital signs, DC cardioversion
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7
Q

2 most common causes of osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis) that account for over 90% of cases?

A
  • Chronic corticosteroid use

- Chronic alcohol abuse

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8
Q

What to think of in Rheum Arthritis pt w/ 1 acute red, swollen joint?

A

Septic Arthritis (Staph aureus)

or crystal-induced arthritis

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9
Q

Giant cell arteritis usually presents in association w/ what?

A

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

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10
Q

Dx?
Systemic symptoms, skin findings (livedo reticularis & purpura), kidney disease, abdominal pain, & muscle aches or weakness

A

Polyarteritis Nodosa

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11
Q

Osteomalacia is caused by what mineral deficiencies?

A

Low Vitamin D, Phosphorous, or Calcium

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12
Q

Classic triad for disseminated gonoccocal infection?

A

Polyarthralgia, Tenosynovitis, & painless Vesiculopustular skin lesions

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13
Q

Small Bowel Obstruction – management?

A
  1. Complete bowel rest, Decompression w/ NG tube placement, Pain control, Fluid resuscitation, & correction of Metabolic derangements
  2. Urgent surgical intervention if #1 doesn’t work or if there are signs of strangulation
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