Allergy & Immunology Flashcards
Angioedema – best initial test?
Look for:
- Deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor
- Decreased C2 & C4 in complement pathway
Angioedema – Tx?
- Ecallantide or FFP
- Androgens (Danazol & Stanazol) as long-term Tx
- Ensure airway protection first!
Urticaria – what is it?
Swelling of superficial layers of skin
Urticaria – Tx?
- Antihistamines – Hydroxyzine, DIphenhydramine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine, Cetirizine, Ranitidine
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists – Montelukast or Zafirlukast
Type of murmur heard in Aortic Dissection?
Diastolic Decrescendo – Aortic Regurgitation
Supraventricular Tachycardia – Tx?
Meds or maneuvers to increase vagal tone
- if refractory or has unstable vital signs, DC cardioversion
2 most common causes of osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis) that account for over 90% of cases?
- Chronic corticosteroid use
- Chronic alcohol abuse
What to think of in Rheum Arthritis pt w/ 1 acute red, swollen joint?
Septic Arthritis (Staph aureus)
or crystal-induced arthritis
Giant cell arteritis usually presents in association w/ what?
Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Dx?
Systemic symptoms, skin findings (livedo reticularis & purpura), kidney disease, abdominal pain, & muscle aches or weakness
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Osteomalacia is caused by what mineral deficiencies?
Low Vitamin D, Phosphorous, or Calcium
Classic triad for disseminated gonoccocal infection?
Polyarthralgia, Tenosynovitis, & painless Vesiculopustular skin lesions
Small Bowel Obstruction – management?
- Complete bowel rest, Decompression w/ NG tube placement, Pain control, Fluid resuscitation, & correction of Metabolic derangements
- Urgent surgical intervention if #1 doesn’t work or if there are signs of strangulation