Allergy & Immunology

Question 1

Angioedema – best initial test?

Answer 1

Look for:

• Deficiency of C1 esterase inhibitor
• Decreased C2 & C4 in complement pathway

Question 2

Angioedema – Tx?

Answer 2

1. Ecallantide or FFP
2. Androgens (Danazol & Stanazol) as long-term Tx
3. Ensure airway protection first!

Question 3

Urticaria – what is it?

Answer 3

Swelling of superficial layers of skin

Question 4

Urticaria – Tx?

Answer 4

1. Antihistamines – Hydroxyzine, DIphenhydramine, Fexofenadine, Loratidine, Cetirizine, Ranitidine
2. Leukotriene receptor antagonists – Montelukast or Zafirlukast

Question 5

Type of murmur heard in Aortic Dissection?

Answer 5

Diastolic Decrescendo – Aortic Regurgitation

Question 6

Supraventricular Tachycardia – Tx?

Answer 6

Meds or maneuvers to increase vagal tone

• if refractory or has unstable vital signs, DC cardioversion

Question 7

2 most common causes of osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis) that account for over 90% of cases?

Answer 7

• Chronic corticosteroid use

- Chronic alcohol abuse

Question 8

What to think of in Rheum Arthritis pt w/ 1 acute red, swollen joint?

Answer 8

Septic Arthritis (Staph aureus)

or crystal-induced arthritis

Question 9

Giant cell arteritis usually presents in association w/ what?

Answer 9

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Question 10

Dx?
Systemic symptoms, skin findings (livedo reticularis & purpura), kidney disease, abdominal pain, & muscle aches or weakness

Answer 10

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Question 11

Osteomalacia is caused by what mineral deficiencies?

Answer 11

Low Vitamin D, Phosphorous, or Calcium

Question 12

Classic triad for disseminated gonoccocal infection?

Answer 12

Polyarthralgia, Tenosynovitis, & painless Vesiculopustular skin lesions

Question 13

Small Bowel Obstruction – management?

Answer 13

1. Complete bowel rest, Decompression w/ NG tube placement, Pain control, Fluid resuscitation, & correction of Metabolic derangements
2. Urgent surgical intervention if #1 doesn’t work or if there are signs of strangulation