Allergy

Question 1

What’st the definition of hypersensitivity?

Answer 1

Immune response that causes collateral damage to self

Question 2

How long does a type 1 reaction take to occur?

Answer 2

minutes and up to 2 hours

Question 3

What are the routes of exposure for a type 1 reaction?

Answer 3

Skin contact, inhalation, ingestion, injection

Question 4

Describe Urticaria

Answer 4

itchy, lesions within 1 hour, lasts 2-6 hours, (sometimes 24hrs) ‘hives’ ‘wheels’ and ‘nettle rash’

Question 5

Describe Angioedema

Answer 5

Localised swelling of subcutaneous tissue or mucous membranes,
non pitting oedema,
not itchy

Question 6

ANAPHYLAXIS

Answer 6

DEADLY

Question 7

What investigations would you carry out

Answer 7

History
specific IgE (RAST, 70-75%)
skin prick / prick prick test
challenge test
serum mast cell tryptase level (anaphylaxis)

Question 8

What’s the risk of anaphylaxis during skin prick test?

Answer 8

1:3000

Question 9

What management would occur?

Answer 9

prevent effects of mast cell activation
anti-inflam
adrenaline (anaphy)
use sodium cromoglycate to stabilise mast cells

Question 10

What are the doses of adrenaline autoinjector?

Answer 10

adults = 300ug
children = 150ug

Question 11

describe type 4 allergy

Answer 11

delayed hypersensitivity,
antigen specific
T cell mediated
allergic contact dermatitis
reaction 24-48hrs after exposure

Question 12

Describe irritant contact dermatitis

Answer 12

non immunological process,

pattern depends on exposure

Question 13

Give two example sof endogenous conditions

Answer 13

atopic eczema

psoriasis