Allergic Reaction Emergency Flashcards
Anaphylactic Reaction
- Systemic/local reaction can be quick
- Swelling of Upper/lower airway can close
- Constriction of the bronchioles
- Capillaries leak
- Systemic vessel dilation and BP drops
- Increased production of mucus
Antigen
Foreign substances that enter the body and can set off the cells of the immune system to destroy them.
Allergen
Type of antigens
What do the immune system make to destroy antigens?
Anti-bodies
Allergens are harmless but can sometimes set off ______
An Alllergic Reaction
Allergic Reaction
- A misdirected and Excessive response by the immune system. Immune system over estimates the danger of allergen and can cause mild discomfort, runny nose, itchiness, watery eyes
- Occasionally a life threatening immune response occurs and that’s an anaphylactic reaction
Anaphylactic Reaction
- Aka: Anaphylaxis, anaphylactic Shock
- Entire body is affected by the immune response
- Airway closes, swelling and Increased mucus
- BP drops, vessel dilation and capillary leaking
Sensitization
The process of developing hypersensitivity on the first exposure
When does hypersensitivity develop?
When the person is exposed again and antibodies are present there may be a reaction
What 2 types of cells in the body does antibodies attach themselves to?
- Mast-located around heart, lungs, & vessels
- Basophils- immature meat cells that circulate in the blood
As long as these antibodies that attached themselves to the mast & basophils the PT is?
Sensitized
Histamine is a chemical mediator that causes?
- Bronchoconstriction
- Vasodilation
- Increased capillary leakage
What causes a hyper-release of histamine?
-when antigen comes back and attaches to the antibody which causes mast cells membranes to breakdown which then causes a hyper release of histamine
Local or mild reactions
- Allergic reaction
- Isolated to 1 or 2 areas of the body
- Usually no hypotension seen
Systemic or acute reactions
- Anaphylaxis
- Complete body involved
- Usually hypotension is seen
