Aldridge - Mediastinum And Embryology Flashcards
Contents of anterior mediastinum
Thymus
Fibrous pericardium
Motor innervation to diaphragm
Sensory innervation to mediastinal pleura, pericardium, pleura, and peritoneum covering of central region. Of diaphragm
Formed from ventral rami of C3, C4, C5
Phrenic nerve
Phrenic nerve runs ____ to scalenus anterior
Anterior
Serous pericardium is derived from ?
Coelomic membrane
A finger placed in the transverse pericardial sinus separates ______ from —___-
Arteries from veins, with veins inferior
Excess fluid in the pericardial sac
Pericardial effusion
Compression of the heart due to rapid accumulation of excess fluid
Cardiac tamponade
Removal of fluid with a needle inserted into the pericardial sac
Pericardiocentesis
2 approaches for pericardiocentesis
Subxyphoid approach
Parasternal approach
Superior border of mediastinum
Formed by thoracic inlet
T1 vertebra, rib 1, and superior border of manubrium
Thoracic inlet
T1 vertebra
Rib 1
Superior border of manubrium (suprasternal notch)
Inferior border of mediastinum
Formed by thoracic outlet
T12 vert, diaphragm, xiphoid process of vertebrae
Boundaries of thoracic outlet
Diaphragm, T12 vertebrae and xiphoid process of sternum
Lateral borders of mediastinum
Formed by mediastinal parietal pleura
Superior mediastinum
Above horizontal plane that passes thru sternal angle and intervertebral disk t4/t5
Between manubrium and t1 thru t4
Inferior mediastinum
Below the sternal angle
Between body and xiphoid of sternum and lower 8 thoracic vertebra.
Divided into anterior (between pericardium and sternum), middle (contains heart) and posterior, contains tubular structures
Branch of internal thoracic artery
Courses with phrenic N to supply pericardium and diaphragm
Pericardiacophrenic artery
Pierced with inferior vena cava.
Fused w/ central tendon of diaphragm
Respiratory movements affect
Base of fibrous pericardium
Pierced by ascending aorta, superior vena cava, and pulmonary trunk
Apex of fibrous pericardium
What are the attachments of the fibrous pericardium?
Sup and post: blends w tunica adventitia of great vessels
Inferiorly blends w central tendon of diaphragm
Anteriorly - tethered to sternum by sternopericardial ligaments
Parasternal paracentesis, needle insert in to
4th or 5th intercostal space
Fibrous pericardium is derived from?
Body wall mesoderm of lateral plate
The right superior border of the pericardium goes to ?
The 2nd intercostal space
The heart goes to the 3rd intercostal space on that side
Composed of two layers; parietal and visceral.
Forms coelomic lining of pericardial cavity
Serous pericardium
