Aldridge - Development Of Aorta Flashcards
Grow between somites to supply blood to body wall
Form posterior intercostal and lumbar arteries and arteries to upper and lower extremeties
Subclavian arteries
Paired intersegmental arteries
To yolk sac derivaties
Forms esophageal and bronchial arteries and three arteries in abdomen (celiac, sup, inf mesenteric)
Unparied vitelline arteries
Shift from aorta to 5th lumbar intersegmental arteries
Forms definitive internal iliac arteries, sup vesical A. And distally becomes a fibrous cord, the medial umbilical ligament
Paired umbilical arteries
To derivates of intermediate mesoderm forming renal, suprarenal, and gonadal arteries
Paired lateral splanchnic arteries
Aortic arches 1, 2, and 5 _________
Degenerate
1 and 2 form part of maxillary A and stapedial A respectively, but otherwise degenerate
Only aortic arches _ _ and _ are major contributors to definitive arteries
3
4
6
Proximal part forms common carotid A.
Distal part of this arch and dorsal aorta for the internal carotid A.
External carotid A sprout from common carotid
Aortic arch 3
Contributes to the definitive arch of the aorta (aortic sac and left dorsal aorta also contribute to this)
Left aortic arch 4
What three structures contribute to the arch of the aorta ?
Left aortic arch 4
Aortic sac
Left dorsal aorta
Contributes to the right subclavian A, along w/ part of right dorsal aorta and right 7th intersegmental a.
Right aortic arch 4
The right subclavian artery is formed from which three embryological structures?
Right aortic arch 4
Right dorsal aorta
Right 7th intersegmental artery
The left subclavian artery is formed from ?
The left 7th intersegmental artery
Forms left and right pulmonary trunks
Proximal part of aortic arch 6
Degenerates on right, but on left persists in fetus as ductus arteriosus which forms a second by-pass of pulm circulation (foramen ovale first by-pass) since it shunts oxygenated blood from lt pulm A. To the arch of aorta.
Distal part of aortic arch 6
What happens to the ductus arteriosus after birth?
The smooth muscles of the wall constrict to close shunt. In 1-3 months, becomes fibrotic cord, connecting the left pulmonary A to the arch of aorta
The brachiocephalic trunk is formed from ?
Part of the aortic sac
The caudal part of right dorsal aorta ______
Degenerates
The recurrent laryngeal nerve of the vagus innervates structures derived from
The 6th pharyngeal arch
In preductal coarctation, the ductus arteriosus :
Remains patent to supply aorta w/ blood
_____ increases the odds of having a patent ductus arteriosus in newborns
Premature infants and mothers infected with rubella
A branch of the aortic arch, passes posterior to the esophagus. Can result in kinking of the esophagus, resulting in dysphagia, but not usually clinical.
Result of obliteration of right 4th aortic arch and adjacent part of right dorsal aorta.
Forms from right 7th intersegmental artery and persistence of distal part of right dorsal aorta
Abnormal right subclavian artery
An abnormal right aortic arch that develops in addition to nrml left aortic arch.
Due to persistence of distal part of right dorsal aorta
Forms a vascular ring around trachea and eesophagus, causing difficulty in swallowing or breathing
Right aortic arch
Can pass anterior or posterior to the esophagus and trachea.
Can cause difficulties in breathing or swallowing
Due to persistence of entire right dorsal aorta and degeneration of distal part of left dorsal aorta
Right aortic arch
Hepatic sinusoids come from the ?
Right and left vitelline veins
Ductus venosus is a venous by-pass of the developing liver and a left to right shunt to atrium
Shunts blood from left umbilical to inf vena cava
Forms ligamentum venosum postnatally
Is formed from ?
Vitelline veins
Enlarges to form part of the inf vena cava & hepatic portal system, which drains the gut
(Includes hep portal vein, sup and inf mesenteric veins and splenic veins)
Right vitelline vein
Right umbilical vein _____
Degenerates
Has no definitive postnatal structure
In fetal life carries oxygenated placental blood.
Enters liver and drains into hepatic sinusoids and via the ductus venosus to the inferior vena cava
Postnatally is fibrotic and forms ligamentum teres hepatis
Left umbilical vein
These mostly degenerate but do form a segment of the inferior vena cava and the common ilia veins.
Common iliac veins supply lower limb and pelvic organs
Posterior cardinal veins
Terminal part of ______ and ________ for the superior vena cava
Right anterior cardinal vein
Right common cardinal vein
Caused by the persistence of the terminal part of the left anterior cardinal vein that normally degenerates ______
Double superior vena cava
Caused by the persistence of the left anterior cardinal vein that usually degenerates, but instead the terminal part of the right anterior cardinal vein degenerates ______
Left superior vena cava
Prenatal structure: left umbilical vein
Postnatal structure: ______
Ligamentum teres hepatis
Prenatal structure: ductus venosus
Postnatal structure: ______
Ligamentum venosum
Prenatal structure: foramen ovale shunts blood from right to left atria
Postnatal structure:
Fossa ovalis closes the foramen
Prenatal; ductus arteriosus shunts O2 rich blood from pulmonary trunk
Postnatal: ______
Ligamentum arteriosum
Prenatal : umbilical artery
Postnatal: _____
Proximal to distal:
Internal iliac A.
Sup Vesical A.
Medal umbilical ligament
