Aldridge - Development Of Aorta

Question 1

Grow between somites to supply blood to body wall

Form posterior intercostal and lumbar arteries and arteries to upper and lower extremeties

Subclavian arteries

Answer 1

Paired intersegmental arteries

Question 2

To yolk sac derivaties

Forms esophageal and bronchial arteries and three arteries in abdomen (celiac, sup, inf mesenteric)

Answer 2

Unparied vitelline arteries

Question 3

Shift from aorta to 5th lumbar intersegmental arteries

Forms definitive internal iliac arteries, sup vesical A. And distally becomes a fibrous cord, the medial umbilical ligament

Answer 3

Paired umbilical arteries

Question 4

To derivates of intermediate mesoderm forming renal, suprarenal, and gonadal arteries

Answer 4

Paired lateral splanchnic arteries

Question 5

Aortic arches 1, 2, and 5 _________

Answer 5

Degenerate

1 and 2 form part of maxillary A and stapedial A respectively, but otherwise degenerate

Question 6

Only aortic arches _ _ and _ are major contributors to definitive arteries

Answer 6

3
4
6

Question 7

Proximal part forms common carotid A.

Distal part of this arch and dorsal aorta for the internal carotid A.

External carotid A sprout from common carotid

Answer 7

Aortic arch 3

Question 8

Contributes to the definitive arch of the aorta (aortic sac and left dorsal aorta also contribute to this)

Answer 8

Left aortic arch 4

Question 9

What three structures contribute to the arch of the aorta ?

Answer 9

Left aortic arch 4

Aortic sac

Left dorsal aorta

Question 10

Contributes to the right subclavian A, along w/ part of right dorsal aorta and right 7th intersegmental a.

Answer 10

Right aortic arch 4

Question 11

The right subclavian artery is formed from which three embryological structures?

Answer 11

Right aortic arch 4

Right dorsal aorta

Right 7th intersegmental artery

Question 12

The left subclavian artery is formed from ?

Answer 12

The left 7th intersegmental artery

Question 13

Forms left and right pulmonary trunks

Answer 13

Proximal part of aortic arch 6

Question 14

Degenerates on right, but on left persists in fetus as ductus arteriosus which forms a second by-pass of pulm circulation (foramen ovale first by-pass) since it shunts oxygenated blood from lt pulm A. To the arch of aorta.

Answer 14

Distal part of aortic arch 6

Question 15

What happens to the ductus arteriosus after birth?

Answer 15

The smooth muscles of the wall constrict to close shunt. In 1-3 months, becomes fibrotic cord, connecting the left pulmonary A to the arch of aorta

Question 16

The brachiocephalic trunk is formed from ?

Answer 16

Part of the aortic sac

Question 17

The caudal part of right dorsal aorta ______

Answer 17

Degenerates

Question 18

The recurrent laryngeal nerve of the vagus innervates structures derived from

Answer 18

The 6th pharyngeal arch

Question 19

In preductal coarctation, the ductus arteriosus :

Answer 19

Remains patent to supply aorta w/ blood

Question 20

_____ increases the odds of having a patent ductus arteriosus in newborns

Answer 20

Premature infants and mothers infected with rubella

Question 21

A branch of the aortic arch, passes posterior to the esophagus. Can result in kinking of the esophagus, resulting in dysphagia, but not usually clinical.

Result of obliteration of right 4th aortic arch and adjacent part of right dorsal aorta.

Forms from right 7th intersegmental artery and persistence of distal part of right dorsal aorta

Answer 21

Abnormal right subclavian artery

Question 22

An abnormal right aortic arch that develops in addition to nrml left aortic arch.

Due to persistence of distal part of right dorsal aorta

Forms a vascular ring around trachea and eesophagus, causing difficulty in swallowing or breathing

Answer 22

Right aortic arch

Question 23

Can pass anterior or posterior to the esophagus and trachea.

Can cause difficulties in breathing or swallowing

Due to persistence of entire right dorsal aorta and degeneration of distal part of left dorsal aorta

Answer 23

Right aortic arch

Question 24

Hepatic sinusoids come from the ?

Answer 24

Right and left vitelline veins

Question 25

Ductus venosus is a venous by-pass of the developing liver and a left to right shunt to atrium

Shunts blood from left umbilical to inf vena cava

Forms ligamentum venosum postnatally

Is formed from ?

Answer 25

Vitelline veins

Question 26

Enlarges to form part of the inf vena cava & hepatic portal system, which drains the gut

(Includes hep portal vein, sup and inf mesenteric veins and splenic veins)

Answer 26

Right vitelline vein

Question 27

Right umbilical vein _____

Answer 27

Degenerates

Has no definitive postnatal structure

Question 28

In fetal life carries oxygenated placental blood.

Enters liver and drains into hepatic sinusoids and via the ductus venosus to the inferior vena cava

Postnatally is fibrotic and forms ligamentum teres hepatis

Answer 28

Left umbilical vein

Question 29

These mostly degenerate but do form a segment of the inferior vena cava and the common ilia veins.

Common iliac veins supply lower limb and pelvic organs

Answer 29

Posterior cardinal veins

Question 30

Terminal part of ______ and ________ for the superior vena cava

Answer 30

Right anterior cardinal vein

Right common cardinal vein

Question 31

Caused by the persistence of the terminal part of the left anterior cardinal vein that normally degenerates ______

Answer 31

Double superior vena cava

Question 32

Caused by the persistence of the left anterior cardinal vein that usually degenerates, but instead the terminal part of the right anterior cardinal vein degenerates ______

Answer 32

Left superior vena cava

Question 33

Prenatal structure: left umbilical vein

Postnatal structure: ______

Answer 33

Ligamentum teres hepatis

Question 34

Prenatal structure: ductus venosus

Postnatal structure: ______

Answer 34

Ligamentum venosum

Question 35

Prenatal structure: foramen ovale shunts blood from right to left atria

Postnatal structure:

Answer 35

Fossa ovalis closes the foramen

Question 36

Prenatal; ductus arteriosus shunts O2 rich blood from pulmonary trunk

Postnatal: ______

Answer 36

Ligamentum arteriosum

Question 37

Prenatal : umbilical artery

Postnatal: _____

Answer 37

Proximal to distal:

Internal iliac A.
Sup Vesical A.
Medal umbilical ligament