Airway Disease Pathology Flashcards
what is the gross characteristic of lungs with bronchiectasis?
they will have really large airways grossly and on CT
the mucous inside of airways with bronchiectasis will have what cell type as a majority?
neutrophils
name three ways to have impairment of mucus flow
obstruction to outflow
abnormal mucus
abnormal ciliary function
explain how CF leads to mucous build up in the airways
the CFTR channel that leads to Cl transport is not functioning properly and the H20 in the airway comes out and follows the salt and then more mucous moves into the airway
normally the Cl is pumped into the airway and supports the mucous but in CF it is pumped out and the mucous is dehydrated
why does CF cause elevated sweat chloride?
because the Cl transporter is not functioning and the Cl gets trapped in the sweat duct
what is the problem with cilia in primary cilia dyskinesia?
the dynein arms are not present so motility is hindered
name the five histologic changes of note in asthma
thickened basement membrane smooth muscle thickening mucous cell hyperplasia eosinophilia thickened intralumenal mucus
what are charcot leyden crystals? what disease do we see these with?
these are crystals of the eosinophilic contents that can be seen on sputum
IN asthma
what are Curschmann spirals? what disease?
these are mucus casts of small airways that can be seen in asthma
what are two weird findings in sputum for asthma?
Curshmann spirals
charcot leyden crystal
what is the main histologic change seen in chronic bronchitis?
mucous cellular and glandular hyperplasia
upper lobe emphysema is suggestive of what etiology?
smoking
lower lobe emphysema is suggestive of what etiology?
a1 antitrypsin deficiency
will smoking lead to panlobular or centrilobular emphysema?
centrilobular
will a1 antitrypsin deficiency lead to panlobular or centrilobular emphysema?
panlobular
