Aircraft Systems 3

Question 1

Exceeding the max. manifold pressure will cause damage to

Answer 1

Cylinder Components and possible cause engine failure

Question 2

Extremely high temperature in reciprocating engine cause:

Answer 2

Detonation

Question 3

Spark plug fouling is result off

Answer 3

Excessive carbon buildup

Question 4

Detonation is likely to occur when

Answer 4

the mixture is too lean

Question 5

Preignition causes

Answer 5

loss of power

Question 6

You are reading that the oil temperature is high and oil pressure is low. Why?

Answer 6

Oil is below minimum oil needed

Question 7

What happens when a pilot operate the manifold pressure lever in constant-airspeed propeller?

Answer 7

When pilot increase throttle, the governor increase e propeller pitch to maintain constant RPM

Question 8

An excessively rich mixture will cause the engine to run rough. This is due to excess fuel

Answer 8

not being burned completely and fouling the spark plugs

Question 9

What is detonation?

Answer 9

Uncontrolled, explosive ignition of

the fuel-air mixture.

Question 10

What is the cause of detonation?

Answer 10

excessive temperatures and pressure. Can lead to piston failure.

Question 11

Common operational causes of detonation are

Answer 11

• Use of a lower fuel grade than that specified.
• Operation of the engine with extremely high manifold pressures in conjunction with low rpm
• Operation of the engine at high power settings with an excessively lean mixture

Question 12

When does pre-ignition occur?

Answer 12

the fuel-air mixture ignites prior to the engine’s normal ignition event

Question 13

What is the cause of preignition?

Answer 13

1) residual hot spot in the combustion chamber, often created by a small carbon deposit on a spark
plug,
2) a cracked spark plug insulator,

Question 14

What does pre-ignition cause?

Answer 14

engine to lose power and produces high operating temperature

Question 15

What are the differences of mechanical components of spark ignition and the compression ignition engine?

Answer 15

Same.
1) cylindrical combustion chambers and
2)

Question 16

What is the main difference between speak ignition and compression ignition?

Answer 16

spark ignition and compression ignition is the process of igniting the fuel.

Question 17

How does spark ignites?

Answer 17

Spark ignition engines use a spark plug to ignite a pre-mixed fuel-air mixture.

Question 18

How does compression ignition engine is ignited?

Answer 18

first compresses the air in the cylinder, raising its temperature to a degree necessary for automatic ignition when
fuel is injected into the cylinder.

Question 19

FULL RICH position is calibrated at what level of flight?

Answer 19

calibrated at sea-level air pressu

Question 20

Carbon buildup occurs because

Answer 20

the rich mixture lowers the temperature

inside the cylinder, inhibiting complete combustion of the fuel.

Question 21

Why during a descent from high altitude, the fuel-air mixture must be enriched?

Answer 21

it may become too lean

Question 22

Propeller

efficiency varies from ____ to ____ percent, depending on how much the propeller “ ______.”

Answer 22

50
87
SLIPS

Question 23

What is a propeller slip?

Answer 23

difference

between the geometric pitch of the propeller and its effective pitch

Question 24

Why a propeller is twisted?

Answer 24

1) permits the propeller to operate with a relatively constant AOA along its length when in cruising flight.
2) Keeps thrust more nearly equalized along this length.

Question 25

How does Counterweight

detuning can occur?

Answer 25

1) from rapid opening and closing of the throttle,
2) excessive speed,
3) excessive power,
4) operating at high
engine speed and low manifold pressure, and improper feathering procedures.

Question 26

Fuel-air ratios between these limits produce varying amounts of output power and the maximum power output generally occurs at fuel-air ratios of approximately _________

Answer 26

0.07 to 0.08.

Question 27

What is the “best power” range?

Answer 27

range of fuelair

ratios which produces maximum power for a given airflow is termed the “best power” range

Question 28

What is the “best economy” range?

Answer 28

lower range

of fuel-air ratios, a maximum of power per fuel-air ratio is obtained and this the “best economy” range.

Question 29

What is the fuel air ratio that best economy occur?

Answer 29

The best

economy range generally occurs between fuel-air ratios of 0.05 and 0.07.

Question 30

Turbine engine thrust varies directly with air ________

Answer 30

density.

Question 31

Check oil temperature periodically during flight especially when operating in _____ ambient air temperature

Answer 31

high or low

Question 32

High oil temperature indications may signal

Answer 32

1) plugged oil line,
2) a low oil quantity, 3) a blocked oil cooler, or
4) a defective
temperature gauge.

Question 33

Low oil temperature indications may signal improper oil viscosity during ________ operations

Answer 33

Cold weather operations

Question 34

Exhaust gases contain large amounts of __________, which is odorless and c

Answer 34

carbon monoxide

Question 35

color and smell of carbon monoxide?

Answer 35

odorless and colorless

Question 36

Why the constant speed propeller sets up a low propeller blade angle (pitch)?

Answer 36

the low
blade angle keeps the angle of attack, with respect to
the relative wind, small and efficient at the low speed.

Question 37

Why the constant speed propeller sets up a low propeller blade angle (pitch)?

Answer 37

1) the low blade angle keeps the angle of attack, with respect to
the relative wind, small and efficient at the low speed.
2) it allows the propeller to “slice it
thin” and handle a smaller mass of air per revolution.
This light load allows the engine to tum at maximum
r.p.m. and develop maximum power.

Question 38

Why do we need to pay special attention to engine oil breather?

Answer 38

When crankcase vapors cool, they may condense in the breather line and subsequently freeze it closed.

Question 39

The constant-speed propeller keeps the blade angle
adjusted for _____________for most conditions
of flight.

Answer 39

maximum efficiency

Question 40

what is the purpose of governor on constant speed propeller?

Answer 40

senses the speed of an aircraft engine and changes the propeller blade angle to maintain a selected RPM regardless of the operational conditions of the aircraft.

Question 41

For maximum takeoff power, the propeller control is moved __________ to the low pitch/high r.p.m. position

Answer 41

all the way

forward

Question 42

How do you reduce the power of climb or cruise manifold pressure reduced with?

Answer 42

throttle

Question 43

How can you reduce the engine RPM?

Answer 43

moving the propeller control back toward the high pitch/low r.p.m. position until the desired r.p.m. is
observed on the tachometer.