Age of New Imperialism 1/3 Flashcards
What is imperialism?
The domination of one country of the political, economic, or cultural life of another county or region
What were the economic motives of the Industrial Revolution?
Industrial Revolution: Needed raw materials and needed people to buy their products
Growing population: Needed people to move and get more living space
What were the political and military interests of the new imperialists?
Bases for merchant and naval ships (many countries took places from Africa as bases), national security, national prestige
What were the humanitarian goals of imperialism?
To spread the “blessing of western culture”, medicine, law, Christian religion, and culture
What was Social Darwinism?
Darwin’s theory of evolution was used to an advantage, with many people believing that superiority was hereditary. The European races thought that they were superior and that imperial conquest was nature’s way of improving the human species
What country did Belgium, Germany, France, Italy, Portugal, the UK, and Spain take regions from as bases?
Africa
True or False: Natives that were affected by imperialism thought that their culture was being enriched and that life was getting better.
False: Many thought that the new imperialism was being forced on certain countries and people
Colony
Territory settled in and ruled by people from another land; direct rule
Protectorate
Local rulers left in place but were expected to follow the advice of European advisors on issues such as trade or missionary activity
Sphere of Influence
Area in which an outside power claimed exclusive investments in trading investments, such as rules on buying and selling
Why did the missionaries support imperialism?
They saw it as a way to spread Christianity, and they addressed the evils of the slave trade. They encouraged Africans to reject their own traditions in favor of western civilization.
What was built in Africa?
Schools and medical clinics
Who started a scramble for colonies?
King Leopold II
What happened in the scramble for Africa?
European countries fought for Africa
Where in Africa did European rulers focus on, and why?
The Congo River Basin because it flowed all throughout Africa and had excellent materials such as rubber and ivory
What happened during the Berlin Conference?
The countries agreed that they didn’t want to go to war and split up Africa
What happened 20 years later due to the imperialism in Africa?
Turbulence took place in Africa, and there was unrest between tribes. Half of the Congo people died from malnutrition, exhaustion, and murder.
What happened in the East Africa Food Crisis of 2011
There were droughts and no clean water
In 1859, what did French entrepreneur Ferdinand de Lessaps build?
A 100-mile canal that linked the Mediterranean and Red Seas
What did Ferdinand de Lessaps’ 100-mile canal shorten the sea route between?
Europe and Asia
Why did Britain gain control of the canal?
Disraeli, the prime minister, bought shares when Egypt sold it to repay debt
Whoever controlled the canal controlled ________.
trade
How did the Egyptians react when Britain made Egypt a protectorate Nationalist?R
They felt discontent, with protests and riots simmering
How was Iran affected by imperialism?
Russia and Britain set up a sphere of influence because they wanted control of Iran’s oil fields
What did the Muslim Turks do to the Christian Armenians?
The Muslim Turks distrusted the Christian Armenians and accused them of supporting Russian plans over the Ottoman Empire. The Christian Armenians protested repressive Ottoman policies, so sultans had tens of thousands slaughtered.
