Age of Exploration 3/3

Question 1

What was Colonial Latin America divided into?

Answer 1

Social classes based on privileges

Question 2

Peninsulares (the top)

Answer 2

Spanish and Portuguese officials who had been born in Europe and held all important government positions

Question 3

Creoles (below the peninsulares)

Answer 3

Descendants of Europeans born in Latin America, controlled land and business

Question 4

Who did the creoles hate?

Answer 4

The peninsulares, who regarded them as second-class citizens

Question 5

Mestizos

Answer 5

Offspring between Europeans and Native Americans

Question 6

Mulattoes

Answer 6

Offspring between Europeans and Africans

Question 7

Who was at the lowest of the social hierarchy?

Answer 7

The imported slaves and the Native Americans

Question 8

What made the mestizos unique?

Answer 8

Due to their increasing amounts, they became socially inferior to the other multiracial groups.

Question 9

What were the mestizos’ role in society?

Answer 9

Some were artisans and small merchants in cities, while others became small-scale farmers or ranchers

Question 10

What was a long-lasting and rewarding source for Latin America?

Answer 10

Farming

Question 11

What was the purpose of the immense estates created by the Spanish and Portuguese?

Answer 11

Native Americans worked on the estates or as farmers on marginal land

Question 12

Mita

Answer 12

In Peru, the Spanish created this system to draft native labor to work in the silver mines