Age of Exploration 2/3

Question 1

Colony

Answer 1

A settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control

Question 2

What did the European nations establish in the Americas and the East?

Answer 2

Trading posts and colonies

Question 3

Mercantilism

Answer 3

The prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of bullion (silver and gold)

Question 4

Balance of trade

Answer 4

The difference in value between imported and exported goods. A good balance of trade was when the goods exported are of greater value then those imported.

Question 5

How were exports encouraged?

Answer 5

Subsidies, or payments, to new industries and improved the transportation systems by building roads, canals, and bridges. High tariffs were placed on foreign goods to keep them out of their own countries

Question 6

Why did the demand for enslaved Africans increase dramatically?

Answer 6

The discovery of the Americas. They needed slaves to work at the plantations along the coast of Brazil and the Caribbean that grew cane sugar, which requires a lot of labor to grow.

Question 7

What was the triangular trade?

Answer 7

The trading system that connected Europe, Africa, and the Americas

Question 8

What were the steps of the triangular trade?

Answer 8

1. The Europeans brought manufactured goods, such as guns and cloth, to Africa, where they were traded for slaves.
2. The slaves were transported along the Middle Passage to the Americas.
3. The Europeans then bought tobacco, molasses, sugar, and raw cotton in America and shipped them back to Europe.

Question 9

How many Africans were brought to the Americas between the early 1500s and the late 1800s?

Answer 9

10 million Africans

Question 10

What was the Middle Passage?

Answer 10

The center portion of the triangular trade, between Africa and the Americas. Many Africans died of diseases along this journey.

Question 11

Name one ruler who was concerned about the impact of the slave trade on their societies.

Answer 11

In a letter to the king of Portugal, King Afonso of Congo wrote that the country was being depopulated.

Question 12

What was the effect of slave trade on the African society?

Answer 12

The slave trade led to the depopulation of many areas and deprived many African communities of their strongest and youngest men and women.

Question 13

What effect of slave trade did it have on warfare in Africa?

Answer 13

Coastal or near-costal African chiefs and their followers used the guns gained in trade and attacked neighboring peoples

Question 14

How did slave trade affect Benin?

Answer 14

Its people lost faith in their gods, their art deteriorated, and human sacrifice became more common.