aðrir sjúkdómar tengdir hjarta Flashcards

1
Q

Acute pericarditis

-orsakir

A
Idiopathic (postviral)
Collagen vascular disease
Acute MI
Radiation
Drugs (hydralazine, procainamide)
Infection (coxackie, adeno)
Amyloidosis
Rheumatic fever
Injury/trauma
Neoplasm
Dressler´s syndrome
Uremia
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2
Q

Hvernig eru afdrif sjúklinga sem fá pericarditis?

A

flestir lagast á 1-3 vikum

complicationir

  • pericardial effusion
  • cardiac tamponade
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3
Q

Pericardial friction rub

  • hvað er
  • hvenær heyrist
A

heyrist við hlustun í pericarditis
3 componentar

Heyrist best í útöndun og þegar sjúklingur situr fram

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4
Q

Pericarditis

-hvað sést á EKG

A

dreifðar ST-hækkanir

PR lækkanir (mjög sértækt f. pericarditis)

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5
Q

Meðferð á pericarditis

A

self-limiting

meðhöndla undirliggjandi sjúkdóm
NSAIDs
Colchicine

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6
Q

Ef það kemur acute pericarditis eftir MI

-hvað viljum við gera

A

ekki NSAIDs því sárið nær ekki að gróa

Rx: aspirin

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7
Q

ein helsta orsök hæ. hjartabilunar er

A

restrictive pericarditis

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8
Q

Cardiac tamponade

-einkenni

A

Beck´s triad => hypotension, minnkuð hjartahljóð, JVD

minnkaður púlsþrýstingur
pulsus paradoxus (þrýstingur lækkar við innöndun)
tachypnea/-cardia

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9
Q

Tamponade

-orsakir

A

Penetrating
Iatrogenic (ísetning á gangráði eða CVK)
Pericarditis (neoplasm, uremic)
Post-MI

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10
Q

Tamponade er greint með

A

ómun: vökvi í gollurshúsi, samfall á hæ. gátt í innöndun

EKD: breytileg rafleiðni, lágspennt QRS

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11
Q

Hvað er Beck´s triad?

A

einkenni tampnade

  • fjarlæg hjartahljóð
  • JVD
  • hypotension
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