adrenergics

Question 1

Adrenergic Agonists:

Answer 1

for anaphylaxis, acute htn, severe cancer pain, adhd, nasal congestion, pupil dilation.
AA: HTN, (alpha1), decreased SNS activity(alpha 2)

Question 2

Direct Acting Adrenergic Agonists: non selective:

Answer 2

Epinephrine:
2. Norepinephrine
3. Isoproterenol:

Question 3

Epinephrine:

Answer 3

bronchodilator via B2, vasoconstrictor via alpha. Potentiation via TCAs,
levothyroxine, diphenhydramine

Question 4

3. Isoproterenol:

Answer 4

for emergency use only to simulate heart rate and for chronic bronchitis. IV or subq.
CNS AAs nervousness, headache, dizziness, visual blurring, tachy, palpitations, htn, v tach

Question 5

Selective
Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 5

Clonidine:
2. Phenylephrine:
3. Dobutamine
4. Albuterol/Terbutaline:

Question 6

Clonidine:

Answer 6

decrease blood pressure via hyperpol of membrane and presynaptic alpha 2 receptors
to suppress norepi.Adjunctive with opiates, good for ADHD and HTN. Off Label withdrawal.

Question 7

. Phenylephrine

Answer 7

alpha 1 agonist, increase in BP, decongestant. AA:brady, restlessness htn,
headache, no heart issues

Question 8

3. Dobutamine:

Answer 8

Beta 1 agonist, treats cardiogenic shock and CHF. no endo norepi.
AA: chest pain, wheezing, b;urred vision, seizure. increase CO with less tachy like dopamine

Question 9

4. Albuterol/Terbutaline:

Answer 9

bronchodilator of B2, uterine relaxation

Question 10

Mixed Acting:Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 10

ephedrine, increases catecholamines and binds to alpha and beta.

Question 11

Indirect Acting Adrenergic Agonists

Answer 11

Releasing agents
Amphetamine
tyramine
Uptake inhibitor: cocaine
MAO inhibitor: selegiline
COMT Inhibitor:entacapone

Question 12

ANTAGONISTS

Answer 12

Inhibition of norepi, epi on alpha and beta receptors. MOST REVERSIBLE.

Question 13

ALPHA REC. ANTAGONISTS:

Answer 13

reflex tachy can occur, nausea vomiting, ortho hypo.
Phentolamine
Prazosin/zosins
Timolol
Nadolol

Question 14

Phentolamine

Answer 14

→ alpha 1 and 2, nonselective. Vasodilation, AA orthostat hypo, tachy, tremors.
For pheochromocytoma

Question 15

Prazosin/zosins

Answer 15

alpha 1 selective. Vasodilation good for BPH. AA: tachy, orthostatic hypo.
Decrease LDLs, HDLs. reflex tachy

Question 16

Timolol

Answer 16

cyp2d6, intraocular pressure relief.

Question 17

Nadolol:

Answer 17

renal, long acting antagonist, migraines, parkinsons, variceal bleeding.

Question 18

Beta Antagonists:

Answer 18

can be used for local anesthetics, htn, ischemic heart disease, CHF, arrhythmias
Non selective: HTN, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias, glaucoma, hyperthyroidism.
AA: interacts with verapamil, abrupt discontinuation increases cardiac ischemia, can mask
signs of hypoglycemia bc of tachy.

Question 19

Carvedilol:

Answer 19

anti inflammatory/antioxidant, blocks inflammation. Good for diabetics. vasodilation

Question 20

Labetalol :

Answer 20

chronic htn, hypertensive emergencies. IV. vasodilation

Question 21

Sotalol:

Answer 21

antiarrhythmic drug, but competitive inhibitor of potassium channel. AA: TORSADES

Question 22

Selective/ olols

Answer 22

metoprolol/betaxolol/atenolol/esmolol:
Betaxolol
Acebutolol/Pindolol
Nebivolol

Question 23

metoprolol/betaxolol/atenolol/esmolol:

Answer 23

b1 affinity. Metro crosses BBB
Betaxolol is lipophilic, and can block some B2. AA: brady, hypo, hypogly, bronchospasm

Question 24

Acebutolol/Pindolol

Answer 24

: beta 2. Partial agonists that can help brady pts.Pindocan b an add onto SSRIs
Not good for renal failure pts, low lipid solubility.

Question 25

Nebivolol

Answer 25

→ vasodilation and can cross BBB. B3 agonist too. Also for metabolic syndrome pts,
reduces oxi stress