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PNP/DERM > adrenergic agents > Flashcards

adrenergic agents Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

What kind of SM contraction motif do receptors w/ odd number subscript use

A

Phospholipase C, IP3, increased intracellular Ca via store-operated Ca channels

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2
Q

What kind of motif do receptors for Beta agonist use

A

Ad. cyclase activates cAMP, activates PKA(!) leading to phosphorylation of various enzymes

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3
Q

three ways alpha 2 inhibitory pathways work

A

increase K conduction, block Ca channels, inhibit ad cyclase, decreasing cAMP

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4
Q

beta stimulation activity of the three prototypes

A

iso»epi>ne

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5
Q

How do catecholamines affect HR? Force of contraction?

A

by stimulating If and Ca channels, increase SR Ca storage and Ca conductance

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6
Q

effect of NE on mean BP

A

slight increase

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7
Q

effect of ISO on mean bp

A

slight decrease

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8
Q

effect of epi on TPR in skin and mucosa

A

alpha only, increased tpr

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9
Q

effect of epi on TRP of liver and SKM

A

low dose- binds beta (more b than a) and decreases tpr. High dose- binds beta 1(^BP) then a (^TPR) then decreases as barostat affects and [epi] declines resulting in b2 activity

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10
Q

mydriasis can be induced by stimulating what receptors

A

alpha

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11
Q

What are the relevant Alpha 2 receptors?

A

heart (antagonize b1), GI, penis, CNS, pancreas

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12
Q

what kind of alpha receptors are in blood vessels

A

A2b (b=bloodvessels) which cause CONSTRICTION (same action as a1)

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13
Q

what does a typical dose of clonidine do? high dose?

A

stimulate central a2. peripheral postsynaptic a2b

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14
Q

clonidine suppression test

A

distinguishes essential htn (reduces plasma NE) from pheochromocytoma (no effect)

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15
Q

alpha methyl dopa: processing, use

A

taken in by uptake 1 and made into alpha methyl NE. alpha 2 stimulation. used for htn in pregnancy

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16
Q

dobutamine use

A

increase force of contraction only. CHF, cardiogenic shock

17
Q

terbutaline

A

uterine relaxation during premature labor

18
Q

ritodrine

A

only approved drug for premature labor

19
Q

considerations fro salmeterol, formoteral

A

only use with corticosteroid

20
Q

tyramine

A

uptake 1 then stimulates release of NE. Indirect sympathomimetic. Exhibits tachyphylaxis (depletion of NE)

21
Q

how do tyramine and NE differ in response to cocaine

A

tyramine gives no response, NE response is amplified

22
Q

how does an MAO inhibitor change NE signaling? tyramine?

A

it doesnt. Termination is by uptake, not degredation. potentiates tyramine b/c its not being degraded

23
Q

explain toxicity of alpha 1 selective agonists

A

alpha 1 receptors in veins of nasal mucosa. OD can trigger histamine release and result in reactive hyperemia. Continued use->a2 vasoconstriction and damage

24
Q

why is intracardiac EPI most useful

A

not just beta one but main benefit is form vasoconstriction

25
Q

should you use dobutamine or dopamine in cardiogenic shock

A

use dopamine if systolic <80 and OLIGURIA

26
Q

severe htn in ICU is usually treated with

A

levophed (NE)

27
Q

effect of alpha 2 inhibition on heart, gi, corpus cavernosum, cns

A

increases HR, increases GI motility, increases NO (erection), stimulant

28
Q

how does an nonspecific a blocker affect HR

A

results in tachycardia (blocks a2 on adrenergic nerve endings)

29
Q

Tamulosin, alfuzosin, silodosin. uses and reasons. side effects

A

BPH tx. selevtive alpha1a antagonist. Get prostate relaxation w/o orthostatic HTN. Anejaculation

30
Q

therapy for ED and mechanism

A

denafils. inhibit phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) which breaksdown cGMP

31
Q

contraindication for propanolol

A

asthmatics, diabetics (masks signs of hypoglycemia)

32
Q

metabolism of beta blockers

A

via cyp2d6

33
Q

labetalol

A

HTN in pregnancy

PNP/DERM (23 decks)

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