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Pharmacology 2 > ADME > Flashcards

ADME Flashcards

1
Q

The plasma concentration of a drug =

A

The concentration of the drug in the immediate effects of its target

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2
Q

Two compartment model

A

Central compartment = tissues and plasma where drugs distribute instantly
Peripheral compartment = tissues that take longer to distribute

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3
Q

Drug plasma concentrations depend on

A

Drug half life
Volume of distribution
Total drug clearance

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4
Q

Half life

A

The time taken for plasma levels to drop by half

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5
Q

Does changing the dose of a drug affect the half life?

A

No

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6
Q

Steady state

A

Where overall intake and elimination of a drug is the same

4/5 times the half life

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7
Q

For most drugs how long is the half life

A

24 hours

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8
Q

Half life equation

A

0.693 x volume of distribution
Divided by
Total clearance

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9
Q

Volume of distribution

A

The tissue distribution of a drug (depends on lipid solubility)

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10
Q

The greater the volume of distribution

A

The lower the free plasma concentration
The longer the half life
I.e stops the body eliminating drug

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11
Q

Loading dose

A

Higher than normal dose used to get plasma levels of drug to a steady state quicker

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12
Q

Loading dose

A

Volume of distribution x plasma concentration

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13
Q

What kind of drugs are eliminated by the kidneys?

A

Water soluble

Ionised

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14
Q

What kinds of drugs are deactivated by the liver

A

Lipid soluble

Unionised

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15
Q

Drug that causes liver saturation toxicity

A

Phenytoin

Paracetamol

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16
Q

Renal clearance

A

Volume of blood cleared of drug per unit time (minute)

17
Q

Renal excretion involves

A

Glomerular filtration
Active secretion
Passive reabsorption

18
Q

Kidney impairment

A

Drug plasma half life is prolonged

Reduce dose or increase dose interval

19
Q

Irreversible action drugs

A

Do not have a relationship between plasma concentration and concentration of drug in immediate environment of target

Pharmacology 2 (14 decks)

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