Acyanotic Heart Disease

Question 1

Acyanotic heart diseases

Answer 1

When there is a hole in the septum, the oxygenated blood will shunt to other side of heart and mix into deoxygenated blood

Question 2

Diagnosis

Answer 2

Auscultation (abnormal heart sounds ), chest X-ray, fetal / post natal echocardiogram, EKG

Question 3

Eisenmenger syndrome

Answer 3

When pulmonary pressure increases, pressure in right heart increases due to septal hole and blood flowing from left to right side. The blood starts traveling in reverse direction from right side to left side as well.

Question 4

Atrial septal defect

Answer 4

Hole between right and left atrium, the blood flows from left atrium to right atrium mixing deoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Signs - asymptomatic, paradoxical embolus

Question 5

Ventricular septal defect

Answer 5

Hole between left ventricle and right ventricle, blood flows from left to right, a holosystolic murmur is heard
Asymptomatic
Treatment - surgical repair

Question 6

Patent ductus arteriosus

Answer 6

Fetal hearts have ductus arteriosus and blood goes through this because lungs are nonfunctional. When lungs become functional Ductus arteriosus has to close but in some cases it doesn’t and that’s patent ductus arteriosus. If oxygen or prostaglandin are compromised then this structure remains open. If mother is exposed to Rubella, it can remain open.
Detection - ausulataion of abnormal heart sounds, widening pulse pressure
Treatment - NSAIDS -> inhibits prostaglandins, surgery -> PDA ligation (structure is tied up and closed ) , coil occlusion -> clot is inserted to prevent blood flow through the structure.