Acne and Rosacea Flashcards
Acne vulgaris is a dysfunction in what?
Pilosebaceous unit
Pathogenesis of acne
Hyperproliferation of keratinocytes leading to plugging of follicles, hormones stimulate excessive sebum, bacteria invasion, inflammation
Etiologic agent of acne
Propionibacterium acnes; G+ rod
Clinical features of acne
Closed comodones (white), open comodones (black)
Types of acne
Comedonal, inflammatory (papules and pustules), nodulocystic
Acne variants
Acne conglobata (no systemic symptoms), acne fulminans (systemic dz); both are nodulocystic
Tx of acne
Retinoids (best for comedonal), antimicrobials (inflammatory, combined with Benzoyl peroxide), hormone therapy
Tx of severe, recalcitrant, nodular acne
Isotretinoin (teratogen)
Causes of exacerabations of rosacea
Temperature extremes, sunlight, hot beverages, spicy foods, alcohol, exercise, drugs, emotions, skin disruption
Features of phymatous rosacea
Hypertrophy and thickened skin of tissue (usually nose or chin)
Tx of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea
Behavior modification, laser/pulse light
Tx of papulopustular rosacea
Metronidazole or azelaic acid; isotretinoin for refractory rosacea
Tx of rhinophyma
Surgery
