Acne and Rosacea

Question 1

Acne vulgaris is a dysfunction in what?

Answer 1

Pilosebaceous unit

Question 2

Pathogenesis of acne

Answer 2

Hyperproliferation of keratinocytes leading to plugging of follicles, hormones stimulate excessive sebum, bacteria invasion, inflammation

Question 3

Etiologic agent of acne

Answer 3

Propionibacterium acnes; G+ rod

Question 4

Clinical features of acne

Answer 4

Closed comodones (white), open comodones (black)

Question 5

Types of acne

Answer 5

Comedonal, inflammatory (papules and pustules), nodulocystic

Question 6

Acne variants

Answer 6

Acne conglobata (no systemic symptoms), acne fulminans (systemic dz); both are nodulocystic

Question 7

Tx of acne

Answer 7

Retinoids (best for comedonal), antimicrobials (inflammatory, combined with Benzoyl peroxide), hormone therapy

Question 8

Tx of severe, recalcitrant, nodular acne

Answer 8

Isotretinoin (teratogen)

Question 9

Causes of exacerabations of rosacea

Answer 9

Temperature extremes, sunlight, hot beverages, spicy foods, alcohol, exercise, drugs, emotions, skin disruption

Question 10

Features of phymatous rosacea

Answer 10

Hypertrophy and thickened skin of tissue (usually nose or chin)

Question 11

Tx of erythematotelangiectatic rosacea

Answer 11

Behavior modification, laser/pulse light

Question 12

Tx of papulopustular rosacea

Answer 12

Metronidazole or azelaic acid; isotretinoin for refractory rosacea

Question 13

Tx of rhinophyma

Answer 13

Surgery