Acids & Bases

Question 1

Acidic solutions

Answer 1

Substances that disassociate in water releasing hydrogen ions (H+)

Question 2

Basic solutions

Answer 2

Substances that disassociate in water releasing hydroxide ions (OH-) OR take up H+ ions

Question 3

pH scale

Answer 3

Measures the concentration of H+ in a solution or substance.

1-6.9 = acidic H+ > OH-
7 = neutral
7.1-14 = basic / alkaline OH- > H+

Question 4

Buffer

Answer 4

Chemical(s) that keep pH within normal limits (maintain homeostasis).

Question 5

Human blood pH

Answer 5

7.4

Question 6

What happens when blood is too acidic?

Answer 6

Body releases bicarbonate ions (HCO3 1-) to bond with high level of H+ to create carbonic acid (H2CO3) which is a very mild acid to gradually bring pH back up to 7.4

H+ + HCO3 1- = H2CO3

Question 7

What happens when blood if too basic?

Answer 7

Body releases carbonic acid (H2CO3) to bond with high level of OH- to create bicarbonate ions (HCO3 1-) which is a very mild base to gradually bring blood pH back down to 7.4

OH- + H2CO3 = H2O + HCO3 1-

Question 8

Blood Acid

Answer 8

H2CO3

Question 9

Blood Base

Answer 9

HCO3 1-

Question 10

^ Acidic

Answer 10

^ H+

Question 11

^ Basic

Answer 11

^ OH-

Question 12

Properties due to H-bonds

Answer 12

• High heat capacity
• High heat of vaporization
• High surface tension
• Cohesive

Question 13

Properties due to Polarity

Answer 13

• Solvent

- Adhesive

Question 14

Where are buffers produced in the human body?

Answer 14

Kidneys

Question 15

What do the numbers of the pH scale indicate?

Answer 15

The scientific notation of 10^# in terms of the concentration of H+ in the substance

The greater the # the lower the concentration of H+ from 100%