acid base theory Flashcards
history
– The Romans discovered a range of chemicals that burned to the touch and
were sour to taste.
what did the romans call these substances
“acidus” meaning sour;
these compounds are now known as acids
what did the ottomans discover
The Ottomans discovered that the combination of ash and animal fat
could make effective cleaners. They called these residues “al-qilwi”,
common properties
Although acids taste sour, and bases taste bitter, both substances conduct
electricity in water and can be very corrosive (chemically disintegrate).
* Note: Bases have a unique slippery feel when touched.
Arrhenius theory on acids and bases
An acid is a substance that dissociates in water to produce
one or more hydrogen ions, H+.
– A base is a substance that dissociates in water to form one
or more hydroxide ions, OH−
.
2 important things on how acids and base react
- How hydrogen ions, released by acids, react with water.
- How certain compounds react with water to create basic solutions.
equation-base dislocation in water
NaOH(aq) → Na+
(aq) + OH–
(aq)
KOH(aq) → K
+
(aq) + OH–
(aq)
Ba(OH)2(aq) → Ba
2+
(aq) + 2 OH–
(aq)
equation-acid dislocation in water
HCl(aq) → H+
(aq) + Cl–
(aq)
H2SO4(aq) → H+
(aq) + HSO4
–
(aq)
HClO4(aq) → H+
(aq) + ClO4
–
(aq)
What is a strong acid
/the length of acid
Strong acid
H2SO4 (or sulfuric acid), HI (hydrologic acid), HBr (hydrobromic acid), HNO3 (nitric acid), HCl (hydrochloric acid) and HClO4 (perchloric acid
What is a weak acid
acids that don’t completely dissociate in solution
What iS Acetic acids
Is a weak acid because only about 1
Strong bases
A strong bad dispatch comeply into ions
What effects acid/base strength
Three factors effects the strength of acids/bases:Electronegativity,ion charge, and ion size
