Achievement motivation theory Flashcards
What does the achievement motivation theory look at?
Looks at how much desire a player has to keep trying to succeed
What are the 2 personality dimensions Atkinson’s model has identified?
NACH and NAF
What does NACH stand for?
Need to achieve
What does NAF stand for?
Need to avoid failure
What are the characteristics of someone with a NACH personality?
- Welcome competition
- Take risks
- Very confident
- Task persistent
- Attribute success internally
- Welcome feedback and evaluation
What are the characteristics of someone with a NAF personality?
- Give up easily
- Do not like feedback or evaluation
- Take easy options
What does the level of achievement motivation depend on?
The interaction of personality and situation
What is the equation for a NACH performer?
Motive to achieve success x probability of success = approach success → focus on pride of success
What is the equation for a NAF performer?
Motive to avoid failure x incentive value of success = avoid failure → focus on shame of failure
What are ways to develop the need to achieve?
- Reinforcement
- Attribute success internally
- Allowing success
- Improving confidence
- Goal setting
What does the achievement goal theory suggest?
This theory suggests that every performer will have their own perception of what achievement means to them and what successful looks like
What are the 2 types of goals a performer can set?
Individuals can set either outcome orientation goals or task orientation goals
What is an outcome orientated goal?
Set with a specific aim to beat and show superiority over others
What is a task orientated goal?
Do not seek to measure a person’s ability against others
In an outcome orientated goal, what happens when the performer continually achieves the goal?
High motivation and confidence
What is the aim of a task orientated skill?
Master a skill and improve individual performance
In a task orientated goal, what is most important?
Process is more important than the outcome. Regardless of result confidence is high
What is an example of a task orientated goal?
Master front drop on a trampoline or gain PB in javelin throw even in you come last
What is an example of an outcome orientated goal?
To win a race, to set a record
How can an outcome orientated goal lead to reduced confidence?
It is unrealistic to always expect victory/success
