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ISA Arborist Certification > AC Odds And Ends > Flashcards

AC Odds And Ends Flashcards

1
Q

Name the layers of a tree from outside to inside

A

Bark, phloem, cambium, xylem

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2
Q

List the levels of plant classification from broadest to narrowest

A

Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species epithet

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3
Q

Name the plant characteristics used to identify trees

A

Bark texture, leaves, flowers, fruit, seed, buds, leaf scars, scent, form or growth habit

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4
Q

Name all the possible layers of the bark from outside to inside

A

Cuticle, epidermis, cork cells, cork cambium, phelloderm, cortex.

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5
Q

Describe the O horizon

A

It is a thin layer of decomposing organic material

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6
Q

Describe the A horizon

A

Layer that contains most of the fine absorbing roots of trees and is very biologically active.

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7
Q

Describe the B horizon

A

It is a zone of accumulation where materials that have leached from the surface mix with soil particles from the lower parent material.

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8
Q

T/F negativity charged clay particles hold cations near their surface.

A

True

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9
Q

Name the benefits of using mulch around trees

A

Moderate temperature extremes, reduce competition from weeds, keep mowers away, maintain soil moisture, aesthetically pleasing

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10
Q

Name the health problems associated with flooding

A

Root suffocation/death, soil organisms killed, predisposition to other stress factors, root collar rot, tree prone to toppling, mineral toxicities

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11
Q

Name the functions of the root system.

A

Absorption, conduction, anchorage, storage, hormone production

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12
Q

List the defects that could be found on a rope

A

Cuts, excessive fraying, puffs, pulled or herniated fibers, abrasions, changes in diameter, discoloration, glazing

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13
Q

Before climbing a tree, a climber should inspect the tree for hazards such as

A

Broken limbs, electrical hazards, dead limbs, decay, splits.

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14
Q

Name pieces of personal protective equipment that are generally required for all tree workers

A

Hardhat, eye protection, hearing protection, leg protection, sturdy work boots

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15
Q

T/F a well-trained climber, in good condition, should be able to dodge the kickback of a chainsaw.

A

False

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16
Q

Generally, the depth of the felling notch should not exceed ___-___ of the diameter of the tree

A

One third

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17
Q

If a victim is not breathing, it is necessary to perform ________ ________

A

Artificial respiration

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18
Q

List the Allied professionals or groups that an urban Forrester should learn to communicate with

A

Urban planners, civil engineers, public work officials, government agencies, and the public

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19
Q

List some economic benefits of trees

A

Increase property values, increase tax base, attract visitors, deferred maintenance on materials

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20
Q

List environmental benefits of trees

A

Improve air quality, sequester carbon, cool the air through transpiration, provide habitat for wildlife, reduce stormwater runoff and soil erosion

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21
Q

List for types of data that are typically collected any tree inventory

A

Species, diameter, location, condition codes, maintenance codes.

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22
Q

Name five ways that trees can be adversely affected by construction

A

Root injury, soil compaction, injury to trunk or branches, grade change, excavation severing root system

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23
Q

What are the phases of land development

A

Site clearing demolition, rough grading, utility installation and grading, construction, and final grading and landscape installation

24
Q

If the soil grade on a construction site is____, a large percentage of the trees roots system might be removed. If The Grade is___, The trees roots might be suffocated

A

Lowered, raised

25
Q

List the three components of risk assessment

A

Potential for failure, potential target, environment that may contribute to failure

26
Q

List five indicators of decay in a tree

A

Open wounds or cavities, fruiting bodies: mushrooms Conks, cracked or loosend Bark, certain inserts, birds bees and other animals

27
Q

List for potential options for mitigating tree risk

A

Pruning, cabling, bracing, removal of the trees limbs

28
Q

Plant resources, produced through photosynthesis, are allocated among four primary functions:

A

Growth, maintenance, storage, defense

29
Q

What are the three pest management goals

A

Prevention eradication and suppression

30
Q

Name five causes of physical or mechanical injuries two trees

A

Lawnmower/string trimmer, vandalism, construction, rodents, guy wires

31
Q

Name some insect pests of trees with chewing mouthparts

A

Beatles, caterpillars, weevils, leaf miners, borers, webworms

32
Q

Name some inserts with piercing or sucking mouthparts

A

Aphids, scale, leafhoppers, mealybugs, true bugs, and psyllids

33
Q

Name the four factors required for a tree disease

A

Susceptible host, pathogenic organisms, suitable environment, proper timing

34
Q

Fire blight is an example of a disease caused by a____

A

Bacterium

35
Q

Name three instances in which cabling might be called for in a tree

A

Support a weak crotch, support for multi-stemmed tree, weak wooded tree

36
Q

T/F the installation of metal cables, if done properly, will not wound the tree

A

false

37
Q

Name three circumstances in which lightning protection for trees might be recommended

A

Historical, valuable, large trees in a populated area

38
Q

The purpose of a lightning protection system is to

A

Conduct the electrical charge into the soil away from the tree

39
Q

When cabling a multi-stemmed tree, extra support can be added to the system by

A

Cabling the limbs together in triangular combinations

40
Q

Name the common reasons for removing limbs from trees

A

Dead, disease, hazardous, Crossing, thinning, weight reduction, size reduction, obstructing views or clearance

41
Q

T/F Trees that tend to bleed should never be pruned in the early spring because doing so is likely to cause a major decline in vigor

A

False

42
Q

T/F as a general rule, mature trees are less tolerant of severe pruning then juvenile trees

A

True

43
Q

T/F even the removal of 25% of the canopy of a large, mature tree can be stressful to the tree

A

True

44
Q

Three adverse effects of lion tailing are

A

Uneven foliage distribution, sunburned bark tissue, weakened branch structure

45
Q

Three adverse affects of topping include

A

Excessive water sprout development, weak branch union, unnatural growth form

46
Q

T/F research on wound dressings shows that there use prevents decay.

A

False

47
Q

Name two ways plant growth regulators are used by arborist

A

Reduce growth and restrict sucker growth

48
Q

To prune trees that flower on the previous years growth and maximize flowering, you should prune

A

Shortly after flowering

49
Q

Name the adverse effects of staking or guying trees

A

Wounding of trunk or branches, girdling, less stable root development, uneven taper development

50
Q

T/F in general, palms are easy to transplant

A

True

51
Q

Name three site characteristics that must be considered in tree selection

A

Growing space, light conditions, soil conditions, climate, functional requirements

52
Q

The climactic factor that determines hardiness zones is

A

Low temperature extremes

53
Q

Name the limitations to trunk implants and microinjections

A

Limited to trees over 4 inches in diameter, not suited for addressing macronutrient deficiencies, resulting wounds limit ability to repeat applications

54
Q

Name the advantages of drip irrigation

A

Reduces water waste and reduces surface compaction

55
Q

Name the disadvantages of drip irrigation

A

Must be moved outward as root system expands and may become clogged

56
Q

A_____ ____ Is a landscape feature specifically designed to collect and hold stormwater runoff

A

Rain garden

ISA Arborist Certification (19 decks)

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