AC-Ch. 8 Pruning Flashcards
Plant growth regulator that inhibits the action of the plant hormone gibberellin, which, among other things, regulates cell elongation.
Anti gibberellin
Inhibition of lateral buds, decreasing from the top down, by apical buds over many seasons, resulting in trees with an excurrent growth form.
Apical control
Raised strip of bark at the top of the branch union, where the growth and expansion of the trunk or parents stem and adjoining branch push the bark into a ridge
Branch Bark Ridge
Forked stems nearly the same size and diameter, arising from a common junction and lacking a normal branch union.
Codominant stems
Natural defense process in trees by which chemical and physical boundaries are created that act to limit the spread of disease and decay organisms
compartmentalization
In pruning, the selective removal of dead, dying, diseased, and broken branches from the tree crown
Crown cleaning
Specialized technique of pruning and training plants to grow within a plane, such as along A wall or fence.
Espalier
Large, divided Leaf structures found in palms and ferns
Fronds
Cutting a shoot back to a bud or cutting branches back to buds, stubs, or lateral branches not large enough to assume apical dominance. Cutting an older branch or stem back to a stub in order to meet a structural objective.
Heading (back)
Bark that becomes embedded in a crotch between branch and trunk or between codominant stems. Causes a weak structure.
Included bark
Between the nodes on a stem
Internodal
Secondary or subordinate branch or root
Lateral
Primary terminal shoot or trunk of a tree. Large usually upright stem. A stem that dominates a portion of the crown by suppressing lateral branches
Leader
Poor pruning practice in which an excessive number of branches are thinned from the inside and lower part of specific limbs or a tree crown leaving mostly terminal foliage. Results in poor branch taper poor wind load distribution and a higher risk of branch failure
Lion tailing
In structural pruning of young trees branches that will be left in place often forming the initial scaffold framework of a tree.
Permanent branches
Compound effective in small quantities that affects the growth and/or development of plants.
Plant growth regulator
Specialty pruning technique in which a tree with a large maturing form is kept Relatively short. Starting on a young tree, internodal cuts are made at a chosen height, resulting in the development of callus knobs at the cut height. Requires regular removal of the sprouts arising from the cuts.
Pollarding
Selective pruning to provide vertical clearance.
Raising
Pruning to decrease height and/Or spread of a branch or crown
Reduction
Pruning cut that reduces the length of a branch or stem back to a lateral branch large enough to assume apical dominance
Reduction cut
Pruning to improve the structure, form, and appearance of trees that have been improperly trimmed, vandalized, or damaged.
Restoration
Management and planting to restore altered or damaged ecosystems or landscapes
Restoration
Permanent or structural branches that form the scaffold architecture or structure of a tree
Scaffold branches
Pruning to establish a strong arrangement or system of scaffold branches
Structural pruning
Prune to reduce the size and ensuring growth of a branch in relation to other branches or leaders.
Sub ordinate
In structural pruning of young trees, branches that are left in place or subordinated but will be removed later in forming the permanent scaffold framework of a tree.
Temporary branches
In pruning, the selective removal of life branches to provide light or air penetration through the tree or to lighten the weight of the remaining branches.
Thinning
Inappropriate pruning techniques to reduce tree size. Cutting back a tree to a predetermined crown limit, often at internodes
Topping
Pruning around or near utility facilities with the object of maintaining safe and reliable utility service.
Utility pruning
Selective pruning to enable a view form a predetermined point
Vista pruning
Upright, epicormic shoot arising from the trunk or branches of a plant above the root graft or soil line. Incorrectly called a sucker.
Water sprout
Compound applied to tree wound or pruning cuts.
Wound dressing
In the United States, industry-developed, national consensus standards of practice for tree care
ANSI A300
