AC-Ch. 12 Tree Assessment And Risk Management

Question 1

Decay of the lower trunk, trunk flare or butress roots.

Answer 1

Basal rot

Question 2

Fungal wood rot characterized by the breakdown of cellulose

Answer 2

Brown rot

Question 3

In determining legal liability the test of the proximate cause and foreseeability of the consequences.

Answer 3

Causation in fact

Question 4

Open or closed hollow within a tree stem usually associated with decay

Answer 4

Cavity

Question 5

Fruiting body or nonfruiting body (sterile) of a fungus. Often associated with decay

Answer 5

Conk

Question 6

Any device used to assess the presence of hidden internal decay

Answer 6

Decay detection device

Question 7

Legal obligation that requires an individual to use a reasonable standard of care when performing tasks that may potentially harm others.

Answer 7

Duty of care

Question 8

In tree risk assessment the professional assessment of the likelihood for a tree to fail within a defined period of time

Answer 8

Failure potential

Question 9

Reproductive structure of a fungus. The presence of certain species may indicate decay in a tree.

Answer 9

Fruiting body

Question 10

Any of several types of fungal decay of tree heartwood often beginning with infected wounds in the living portions of wood tissue.

Answer 10

Heartwood rot

Question 11

Device used to take core samples from trees to determine age or detect problems such as decay

Answer 11

Increment borer

Question 12

Something for which one is responsible. Legal responsibility

Answer 12

Liability

Question 13

General term used to indicate the magnitude of a force, bending moment, torque, pressure etc. applied to a substance or material.

Answer 13

Load

Question 14

Cargo; weight to be borne or conveyed.

Answer 14

Load

Question 15

In tree risk management, reducing, alleviating or minimizing risk of harm.

Answer 15

Mitigation

Question 16

Failure to exercise due care

Answer 16

Negligence

Question 17

Legal term that describes an act or omission that can be attributed as cause if loss and/or injury.

Answer 17

Proximate cause

Question 18

Wood formed in leaning or crooked stems or on lower or upper sides of branches as a means of counteracting the effects of gravity

Answer 18

Reaction wood

Question 19

Non-destructive means of determining the soundness or structural integrity of an object or material by determining the rate at which sound waves travel through it.

Answer 19

Resonance testing

Question 20

Process of evaluating what unexpected things could happen, how likely they are to happen and what the likely outcomes are. In tree management the systematic process to determine the level of risk posed by a tree tree part or group of trees

Answer 20

Risk assessment

Question 21

Systematic application of management policies, procedures and practices for identifying, evaluating, treating, monitoring and communication risk

Answer 21

Risk management

Question 22

Process of removing soil to expose and assess the root collar of a tree

Answer 22

Root collar excavation

Question 23

Decay located in the sapwood. Bark and/or cambium may be damaged or dead. Signs of this classification of rot are usually numerous, but small, fruiting bodies along the bark’s surface are common.

Answer 23

Sapwood rot

Question 24

Decay of plant tissues characterized by the breakdown of tissues within the cell walls.

Answer 24

Soft rot

Question 25

Degree of care that a reasonable person should exercise in performing duty of care; a measurement used to assess whether an individual acted in a reasonable manner

Answer 25

Standard of care

Question 26

Any naturally occurring or secondary conditions such as cavities, poor branch attachments, cracks or decayed wood in the trunk, crown or roots of a tree in that may contribute to structural failure.

Answer 26

Structural defects

Question 27

Change in diameter over the length of trunks, branches and roots

Answer 27

Taper

Question 28

Person, object or structure that could be harmed by a tree or tree part in the event of failure.

Answer 28

Target

Question 29

Location of target pruning

Answer 29

Target

Question 30

Image generated by tomography. Created by sending waves through an object; a computer then produces images of cross sections of the object by using information about how the waves change

Answer 30

Tomogram

Question 31

Method of assessing the structural integrity of trees using external symptoms of mechanical stress and defects.

Answer 31

Visual tree assessment

Question 32

Fungal decay of wood in which both cellulose and lignin are broken down.

Answer 32

White rot

Question 33

Device that directs a jet of highly compressed air to excavate soil. Used within the root zone of trees to avoid or minimize damage to the roots or near underground structures such as pipes and wires.

Answer 33

Air excavator