AC-Ch. 4 Water Management Flashcards

1
Q

Severe drying out

A

Desiccation

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2
Q

Method of minimizing evaporation and runoff by applying small amounts of water through small emitters

A

Drip irrigation

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3
Q

Loss of water by evaporation from the soil surface and transpiration by plants

A

Evapotranspiration

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4
Q

Group of plants in a landscape with similar water requirements

A

Hydrozone

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5
Q

Downward entry of water into the soil

A

Infiltration

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6
Q

Entry of fine particles into drainage or aeration systems can lead to system clogging and failure

A

Infiltration

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7
Q

Downward entry of materials from one soil or fill layer to another as when a gravel road surfaces mixes with underlying soil

A

Infiltration

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8
Q

Speed at which water penetrates the soil

A

Infiltration rate

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9
Q

Practice of minimizing irrigation needs through the use of drought tolerant plants and watering only when necessary

A

Minimum irrigation

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10
Q

Movement of water trough the soil

A

Percolation

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11
Q

Speed at which water moves through the soil

A

Percolation rate

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12
Q

Term to describe a compound that is poisonous to plants

A

Phytotoxic

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13
Q

Amount or percentage of salt in the soil

A

Salinity

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14
Q

Instrument used to measure soil moisture

A

Tensioneter

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15
Q

Fully hydrated to a normal state of distension

A

Turgid

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16
Q

Calculation based on precipitation and environmental factors that establishes the minimum irrigation needed to maintain plant health

A

Water budget

17
Q

Ability of a soil to hold moisture

A

Water-holding capacity

18
Q

Use of plant materials and practices that minimize landscaping water use. Term for environmentally friendly form of landscaping in dry climates

A

Xeriscaping

19
Q

Water remaining in the soil after gravitational water has drained and before the permanent wilting point has been reached.

A

Available water