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Abnormal Psychology Things Flashcards

1
Q

Axis I

A

Clinical disorders, exception personality disorders

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2
Q

Axis II

A

Personality and mental retardation

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3
Q

Axis III

A

Medical conditions

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4
Q

Axis IV

A

indicate any psychosocial or environmental stresses that may influence the outcome or the psychosis

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5
Q

Axis V

A

Judgement of overall functioning

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6
Q

How is axis V assessed

A

Global assessment of functioning 0 to 100 scale,

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7
Q

ADHD

A

atypical inattention and/or impulsivity-hyperactivity

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8
Q

Autistic disorder

A

lack of response to others (impairment in social skills), gross impairment in communication, repetitive behaviors, Inflexible and stereotyped movements

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9
Q

Tourette’s disorder

A

a tic disorder wiht multiple tics, vocal or motor. They are sudden, recurrent and stereotyped

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10
Q

Dementia precox

A

Schizophrenia

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11
Q

Schizophrenia means

A

split mind, disorder characterized by gross distortions of reality and disturbances in the content and form of thought, perception and affect

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12
Q

Positive symptoms of schizophrenia

A

behaviors, thoughts or affects added to normal behavior

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13
Q

negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

Is normal fuctioning that is absent in the schizophrenic

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14
Q

What are false beliefs, discordant reality

A

delusions, maintained in spite of strong evidence to the contrary

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15
Q

Types of delusions

A

delusions of reference (other people are talking to you)
persecution (plotted against)
grandeur (person believes they are Queen of England etc)

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16
Q

Perceptions that are not due to external stimuli

A

Hallucinations

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17
Q

Loosening of associations, ie. speech in which ideas shift from one subject to another

A

disorganized thought

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18
Q

Affective disorders

A

Blunting, flat affect, inappropriate affect

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19
Q

Various extreme behaviors including spontaneous movement, reduced activity, rigid posture, refusing to be moved

A

Catatonic motor behavior

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20
Q

Prodromal phase of schizophrenia

A

clear evidence of deterioration, social withdrawal, role functioning impairment, peculiar behavior, inappropriate affect, unusual experinces

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21
Q

Active phase

A

During schizophrenia’s active phase, people may experience delusions, hallucinations, marked distortions in thinking and disturbances in behaviour and feelings. This phase most often appears after a prodromal period. On occasion, these symptoms can appear suddenly.

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22
Q

What is the difference in prognosis with process versus reactive schizophrenia

A

Process the recovery is extremely poor, reactive shows a better recovery

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23
Q

Five-subtypes of schizophrenia

A

Catonic, paranoid, disorganized, undifferentiated and residual

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24
Q

Schiz: catatonic

A

disturbance in motor behavior, alternate between extreme withdrawal and excessive movement

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25
Schiz: paranoid
preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations
26
Schiz: disorganzied
inappropriate affect and disorganized speech
27
Schiz: undifferentiated
When general categories for the others are not met.
28
Schiz: residual
when there has not been a previous episode but positive symptoms are not being displayed, negative symptoms may be displayed
29
Dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia
Increased dopamine or an oversensitivty to dopamine
30
Double blind hypothesis of schizophrenia
The child received contrdictory oand mutually incompatible messages from his or her primary caregiver. Not generally supported. However, research does suggest that faulty family communication may be some unspecific factor.
31
Mood Disorders 4 types
Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder hypomania Dysthymic and cyclothymic disorders
32
Major depressive disorder
At least two weeks in length, prominent persistent depressed mood, loss of interest in all or almost all activities. Appettite disturbance, weight changes, sleep disturbances, decreased energy, feelings of worthlessness, or increased guilt
33
Bipolar disorder (type I)
Depression and mania, Judgment is impaired, sexual and other behavioral restraints is lowered, and indvidual tends to be impatient with any attempts to restrain his behavior during the manic episode.
34
Bipolar (type II)
Has hypomania which is not full blown mania, typically does not impair functioning, nor are there psychotic features although the individual may be more energetic or optimisitc
35
Dysthymic and cyclothymic
Depression and bipolar disorders that are subsyndrome levels
36
Monoamine theory of depression
Too much NE and serotonin leads to mania while to little leads to depression
37
Anxiety disorders
Phobias and OCD
38
Phobia
irrational fears to a specific stimulus
39
OCd
characterized by repeated obssessions (persistent irrational thoughts) that produce tension or compulsions (irrational and repetitive impulses)
40
Somatoform disorders
physical symptoms not fully explained by medical conditions
41
Conversion disoder
Somatoform disorder that used be called hysteria, characterized by paralysis, blindness without damage or sign of insult
42
hypochondriasis
A person is preoccupied with fears that he or she has a serious disease
43
Dissociative disorders
Person avoids stress by escaping from his or her identity
44
Dissociative amnesia
inability to recall past experience
45
Dissociative fuge,
unexpected amnesia that accompanies a sudden unexpected move from one's home or daily activities
46
Dissociative identity disorder (multiple personality disorder)
When people have multiple personalities (not common); failure to integrate separate components of personality
47
Depersonalization disorder
person feels detatched, outside observer of their own body. Intact sense of reality
48
Annorexia nervosa
refusal to maintain normal bodyweight. Distorted body image. Believes they are overweight
49
Bulimia nervosa
Binge eating with purging
50
Personality disorders
Is a pattern of behavior that is inflexible and maladaptive causing distress and imparing in at least two of the following: cognition, emotions, interpersonal functioning, or impulse control
51
Schizoid
Pervasive pattern of detachment from social relationships and arestricted range of emotional expression
52
Narcisistic
Grandiose sense of self-importance or uniqueness, preoccupation with fantasies of successs, need for constant admiration and attention
53
Borderline
feauters of both personality disorder and psychological disordrs. Pervasive instability in interpersonal behavior, mood, and self image. Relationships are intense and unstable. Profound identity
54
Anitsocial personality disorder
psychopathic disorder, sociopathic disorder. Disregard for, violation of, the rights of others
55
Diathesis-Stress model
Diathesis is the predisposition for developing a mental disorder and stress is the straw that broke the cammels back.
56
Primary Prevention
seek out and eradicate conditions that foster mental illness and to establish conditions that foster mental health
57
Who are two people that advanced the idea of the stigma of mental illness
David Rosenhan (healthy people admitted to a hospital) and Thomas Szasz (people that differ from the cultural norm)
58
Structuralism
Titchener Breaks consciousness into elements via introspection
59
Functionalism
James, Dewey: stream of consciousness studies how the mind fucntions to help people adapt to environment: attacked structuralism
60
Behaviorism
Watson, Skinner: Psychology as objective study of behavior: attacked mentalism and the use of introspection; attacked structuralism and functionalism
61
Gestalt
Wertheimer, Kohler, Koffka: Whole is something other than the sum of its parts: attacked structuralism and behaviorism
62
Cognitive
Chomsky: humans think, believe, are creative. Behaviorism is not an adequate explanation for human behavior
63
Psychoanalysis
Freud, Adler, Jung: Behavior is the result of unconscious conflicts, repression, defense, mechanisms,
64
Humanism
Maslow, Rogers: Looks at peoples wholes, humans have free will, psychologists should study mentally healthy people, not just mentally ill/maladjusted ones
65
Residual phase of Schizophrenia
After an active phase, people may be listless, have trouble concentrating and be withdrawn. The symptoms in this phase are similar to those outlined under the prodromal phase. If there have been no symptoms before the first episode, few or no symptoms may be experienced afterward. During a lifetime, people with schizophrenia may become actively ill once or twice, or have many more episodes. Unfortunately, residual symptoms may increase, while ability to function normally may decrease, after each active phase. It is therefore important to try to avoid relapses by following the prescribed treatment. Currently it is difficult to predict at the onset how fully a person will recover.

Famous Things in Psychology (18 decks)

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