Abnormal Psychology L4 Flashcards
What is the difference between Psychosis and Schizophrenia?
Psychosis is a broad label for symptoms entailing delusions
Schizophrenia is a specific disorder which has Psychotic symptoms.
What are the three clusters of Psychotic symptoms?
. Positive Symptoms
. Negative Symptoms
. Disorganized Symptoms
Describe positive symptoms?
Increase in function.
Note that the positive does not refer to a positive impact on the persons life. Only an increase in function, ie hallucinations.
Describe a negative symptom?
A decrease in function, ei feelings of fatigue
What is the diagnostic timeframe for schizophrenia?
6 months
What are the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?
2 or more of the following
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Disorganized speech
- Grossly disorganized or catatonic behavior
- Negative symptoms
Describe catatonic behavior?
Fixed or unchanging mental state. Clearly conscious but completely absent from external environment.
What makes something a delusion?
Belief regardless of contrary evidence, a fixed or irrational belief.
What is a bizarre vs a non-bizarre delusion?
A non-bizarre delusion is theoretically plausible (ie my neighbor might actually be plotting to kill me.
A bizarre delusion is impossible (ie there is an alien baby growing in my stomach.
What are the different types of delusions?
- Persecution (someone else is trying to victimize you)
- Grandeur (I have supernatural powers)
- Reference (belief that common objects are speaking directly to them, ie the tv is speaking to me)
- Erotomania (belief that someone else is in love with you)
- Somatic (belief that something is medically wrong with you)
- Nihilistic (belief that the world is about to end)
What are the different types of hallucinations?
- Auditory
- Visual
- Olfactory (smell)
- Gustatory (taste)
- Tactile
What is the most common type of hallucination?
Auditory hallucination (70%)
What is one uncommon type of auditory hallucination?
Command hallucinations, “you must do this”
Visual hallucinations are typically?
Weird, trippy distortions and visuals, not people who don’t exist.
What are the different ways that disorganized speech can be expressed?
- Loose association (incoherent stream of consciousness, random tangents)
- Neologism (making up new words)
- Clang associations (speaking in rhymes and riddles)
- Echolalia (copying what others say)
- Echopraxia (copying other people’s movements)
- Word Salad (complete nonsense, random words)
