Abdomen Gastrointestinal Viscera Part 2 Flashcards
Gall bladder Function? What do the right and left hepatic ducts do? What is the duct path from the liver to the gall bladder? What is the path of the gall bladder to the pacreas?
Stores bile from Liver. Pours bile into duodenum to break down fat. Fill the gall bladder with bile. Common hepatic duct, Cystic duct. Common bile duct, Main pacreatic duct, Hepatopacreatic ampulla.
What is the spiral valve in gallbladder? What artery supplies gallbladder?
it allows bile in and out of the gall bladder. Right Hepatic Artery.
Pacreas Where does the pancreas sit? Describe the three divisions and parts associated with them. What are the endocrine and exocrine functions?
Behind the stomach, leads to duodenum. Head–uncinate process, accessory pacreatic duct. Body–main pacreatic duct. Tail. Endo–Insulin…Exo–Digestion.
What happens if the superior mesenteric vein or superior mesenteric artery become inflammed? Describe lymphatic pathway of the pacreas.
The excretions of the pacreas may be blocked. Main pacreatic duct from tail to head. Bile duct enters posterior head and merges with pancreatic duct to create the Hepatopancreatic ampulla. The Hepatopancreatic ampilla enters the duodenum at the Major duodenal papilla.
Spleen Function? Why is this organ so vulnerable. What artery supplies it? What happens if spleen is removed?
Associated with immune system but not sure how. Creates white blood cells, and breaks down red and white blood cells. It’s a highly vascular organ. Increase in pressure can rupture spleen. It’s basically a big sponge w/ thin coat. Does not heal well. Splenic artery. No change in overall body function if spleen is removed.
Name the three main trunks of the abdominal aorta. What organs do they supply?
Celiac trunk. Stomach, spleen, pacreas, liver. Superior Mesenteric trunk. Jejunum, Ileum. Inferior Mesenteric trunk. Lower left colon musculature.
Celiac Trunk Name the branches and what branches off those. Also name the bonus branch that sometime branches of the posterior aortic trunk at the Celiac level.
Left gastric art.–esophageal branches, Lesser curvature of the stomach. Splenic art–goes to spleen, short gastric branches Common Hepatic art–Hepatic proper art, Rt and Lt Hepatic art., (from hepatic proper…Gastroduodenal, Pacreaticoduodenal) (from hepatic proper…Right Gastric.) Inferior Phrenic Arteries.
Superior Mesenteric Name the branches.
Inferior pancreatoduodenal. Jejunal and Ileal arteries. Right colic (colics go to ascending colon) Middle colic…Marginal art. Ileo colic.
Inferior Mesenteric Name the branches.
Left colic–descending colon. Sigmoidal art. Superior Rectal art.
Portal Venous Drainage Purpose. The portal vein is formed by what other veins?
Return blood that needs to detox in the liver. Main Veins Superior mesenteric vein, Splenic vein, Lesser Veins Inferior mesenteric vein, Left gastric vein, Parumbilical veins.
Kidney Where is it? Purpose?
Retroperitoneal. Surrounded by fat and back muscle and T12 rib. Urine production. Filters blood at high rate. Highly vascular. Susceptible to injury.
Kidney – Internal Structure What are the three layers of the internal structure.
Cortex–renal columns Medulla–Pyramid–renal papilla, minor calyx, lobe. Renal Pelvis–Major calyx.
Renal Blood Supply From most external to internal
Renal Artery. Interlobar (segmental arteries). Arcuate arteries. Interlobular Art in Cortex. Lobules (tiny at the end) Venous drainage (Mirrors arteries)
Describe blood in the kidney.
Blood filtered constantly. A lot of filtrate is filtered out and then reabsorbed to concentrate urine. Doesn’t use 02. 50 min for all blood to filter.
The Nephron What is its significance? How many per kidney? What are its functions? What are the two main components of the nephron?
Basic functional/structural unit of the kidney. over 1,000,000/kidney Functions: Filtration, Excretion into filtrate, Absorption what is filtered. Nephron–Renal corpuscle (glomerulus), Renal tubule.
What is the pathway after the collecting duct?
Collecting duct leads back into the renal medulla and is joined by others to open onto the renal papilla. The urine is then drained into a minor calyx
Cortex
Nephron
Medulla
Renal papilla
Find the four main parts of the nephron and the three of the
Collecting system
What are its arterial supply?
Venous transport?
What is significant about the vascular nature of suprarenal glands?
Inferior phrenic art–Superior suprarenal, Aorta–Middle renal art. Renal artery–Inferior suprarenal.
Suprarenal vein.
Awesome vascular supply–dumps a lot of endocrine hormones in blood stream in short time.
