Abdomen Digestion

Question 1

Name the 4 layers of the colon.

Answer 1

Mucosa.
Submucosa.
Muscularis externa.
Adventitia or serosa.

Question 2

What are the three layers of the muscosa from the inside out?

Answer 2

Simple columnar epithelium.
Lamina propria (loose connective tissue)
Muscularis mucosa.

Question 3

What is the function of the Muscularis mucosas?

Answer 3

Squeeze contents to secrete or absorb. It does not move things.

Question 4

What are the two structures of the Submucosa?

What does the layer secrete?

Answer 4

Meissner’s plexus.
Visceral afferent.
Digestive enzymes.

Question 5

What are the 2 layers of Muscularis externa?

What does the fist plexus do?

Answer 5

Auerbach’s plexus (Visceral efferents)
Vascular plexus.
Tells muscles to contract.

Question 6

What are the portions of the Abdominal Esophagus?
Venous drainage?
Where does it terminate?
Constriction?

Answer 6

Cervical--skeletal muscle
Mediastinal--mixed muscle
Abdominal--smooth muscle
Left gastric artery.
Portal vein and Azygous vein.
Cardiac sphincter.
Esophageal hiatus (T10)

Question 7

Describe cardiac sphincter

Answer 7

Circular muscle that closes off esophagus from stomach. Parasympathetic innervation to close and sympathetic to open it up.

Question 8

Describe a Hiatal Hernia

Answer 8

Something of abdominal viscera is pushed out of its normal area.

Stomach pushed through diaphragm. Diaphragm contracts back around. hard to push it back through.

Question 9

Inferior Vena Cava
What spinal level does it span (origin to term)?
What is its function?

Answer 9

L5 - T8

Returns deoxygenated blook to heart from lower limbs, back, and abdominal walls.