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Anatomy BLOCK 2 > Abdomen and Pelvis Radiography > Flashcards

Abdomen and Pelvis Radiography Flashcards

1
Q

How do we determine what type of scan to do and diagnose?

A

Determine the quadrant the pain is coming from

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2
Q

What are the most common modalities used to image abdomen and pelvis?

A
  • plain films or X-ray
  • ultrasound
  • CT
  • MRI
  • floro
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3
Q

Which imaging types do NOT give off radiation

A

MRI and Ultrsound

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4
Q

What type of scan gives off most radiation?

A

CT

-never take for granted a CT scan. Should NOT do several on one patient in short amount of time

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5
Q

What are the 5 primary quadrants?

A
  • epicgastric
  • RUQ
  • LUQ
  • RLQ
  • LLQ
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6
Q

Epigastric quadrant pain

A

-esophagus, stomach, pancreas, aorta, biliary system

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7
Q

What is a good scan to do on someone with esophagus and stomach pain?

A

Floro such as upper GI

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8
Q

If someone has acute pain or severe epigastric pain..

A

CT with and without contrast

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9
Q

Some people allergic to contrast

A
  • hives, nephrotoxicity, anaphylaxis
  • Harvard Prep-24 hour prep to avoid allergic reaction
  • no allergies to oral contrast
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10
Q

What is a good natural contrast in human body?

A

Adipose

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11
Q

What’s the most common pathology in epigastric relation?

A
  • pancreatitis
  • gastritis and ulcers
  • aneurysms of Aorta
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12
Q

RUQ pain

A

-liver, gallbladder, biliary system, kidney, duodenum, colon

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13
Q

Most common pathology of RUQ

A
  • cholycystitis
  • hepatitis
  • biliary obstruction
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14
Q

What is the best RUQ test to run and why?

A

ultrasound

  • it is the best test for the gall bladder
  • if ultrasound is negative or there is severe pain, then do CT with and without contrast
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15
Q

What are symptoms of cholycyctitis?

A
  • gallbladder wall thickening

- gall stones

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16
Q

LUQ pain

A

-spleen, stomach, colon, kidney

17
Q

Most common pathology of LUQ

A
  • splenic injury
  • Colitis
  • pancreatitis
18
Q

What test should you use for LUQ pain

A

Begin with CT with and without contrast

19
Q

What is the key quadrant for pathology and boards?

A

RLQ

20
Q

Anatomy of the RLQ

A
  • colon (cecum and appendix)
  • Small bowel
  • distal ureter
  • hernias
  • femal-ovaries and uterus
  • bladder
21
Q

What are the two most common dx of females LRQ pain?

A
  1. Ovarian cysts

2. Constipation

22
Q

What quadrant does constipation affect?

A

ANY

23
Q

Best test for RLQ pain

A

Female with acute, severe pain

  • ultrasound to exclude torsion
  • if negative proceed to CT with and without
24
Q

Why do you want to rule out torsion with an ultrasound first?

A

It is time sensitive. Blood supply is being cut off. Can cause necrosis or infertility

25
Q

Cholycistitis

A
  1. gall stones
  2. Gall bladder wall thinning

RUQ

26
Q

LUQ

A

-spleen, stomach, colon, kidney

27
Q

Most common pathology in LUQ

A
  • splenic injury
  • colitis
  • pancreatitis
28
Q

What does blunt abdominal trauma effect the most?

A

Spleen

29
Q

What is the best test to being with in LUQ?

A

CT with and without contrast

30
Q

What is another key quadrant for pathology ad boards?

A

RLQ

31
Q

Most common pathology in RLQ

A
  1. Appendicitis
  2. Colitis
  3. Ovarian torsion
  4. Ureteral stones
  5. Chron’s disease
32
Q

Anatomy of the LLQ

A
  • colon
  • small bowel
  • distal ureters
  • bladder
  • hernias
  • ovaries
33
Q

Best test for LLQ

A

CT with and without

-except for female acute severe pain, start with ultrasound first

34
Q

Most common pathology for LLQ

A
  1. Diverticulitis (can form abcess and rupture)
  2. Ureteral stone
  3. Ovary torsion and cysts
  4. Hernias
  5. Cystitis
35
Q

If there is profuse abdomen and pelvic pain…

A

Just go straight to CT with and without contrast

36
Q

Aortic Aneurysm limits

A

-anything about 5cm is a risk of rupturing

37
Q

Testicular torsion

A
  • ultrasound
  • inflammation
  • heterogenous appearance
  • swelling-larger
  • Can use doppler flow to see where the blood is and is not flowing
  • treated by surgery
38
Q

Acute diverticulitis

A
  • LLQ pain
  • “ticks”
  • if abscess forms, needs drained
  • cannot go through the midline because you will it the epigastric vessels, use ultrasound probe to check for blood flow

Anatomy BLOCK 2 (10 decks)

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