Abdomen and GI Flashcards
Which hormone is related to Diabetes Insipidus?
low ADH
An outpouching of the esophague is called ____.
Zenker’s Diverticulitis
Which of the following diseases is a result of inadequate fiber in the diet?
- Diverticulitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Diverticulitis - 1
The bacteria known to cause peptic ulcers
H. pylori
Which signs and symptoms associated with diabetes mellitus are not associated with diabetes insipidus?
both: polyuria & polydypsia
Diabetes Mellitus only: polyphagia
Patient exhales and examiner pushes into the patient’s right upper abdominal quadrant, mid clavicular, just below the ribs and elicits a painful response. This is known as _____. This is a test for ______.
Murphy’s sign, cholecystitis
Epigastric pain going straight through the T10 - T12 area like a knife might be due to ______
pancreatitis
Dyspepsia
Indigestion
Destruction of the esophagus due to reflux esophagitis is called ____ and is a precursor to ______
Barrett’s Esophagus
precursor to esophagus cancer
Pain occurs 2 hrs after eating, black tarry stool
Duodenal ulcer
You suspect Hepatitis in your patient. During your exam you want to palpate the patient’s liver. What would you expect the results to be of that palpation?
Liver enlarged, edges are soft and smooth
increased thirst
polydypsia
Which hepatitis is from food via the fecal/oral route?
Hep A
Which Hepatitis is self-limiting?
Hep A
Dark urine, clay-colored stool, jaundice
Pancreatic cancer
Where are peptic ulcers?
Gastric (stomach) and duodenum
A disruption of the normal propulsion of the GI tract is called ______
ileus
Epigastric pain going straight through the T10 - T12 area like a knife
Pancreatitis
A superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus is called a ____ sign and is a possible indication of ____.
Cullen sign, acute pancreatitis (911)
A disease where every bone in the body becomes denser due to due to a reduction of RBCs made by bone marrow and the liver and spleen.
Osteopetrosis (aka Marble Bone)
No consistent pain pattern, Sometimes food causes pain and other times it relieves pain
Gastric Ulcer
Increased hunger
polyphagia
Hematochesia
Blood in stool
Pain in the RUQ, nausea, vomiting, precipitated by eating a large fatty meal
Cholecystitis
Your patient complains of distal muscle atrophy and pain of his calfs. He is not an alcoholic and denies drinking any alcohol. He has a blood test. The lab results are that he is low in Thiamin. There are no other S/Sx, or other positive exam results. What is your preliminary diagnosis?
Beri-beri
The test known to react with heterophile antibodies during the active infection phase of mononucleosis is called _____.
Paul Bunnell test
(aka heterophile agglutination test)
Protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm
Hiatal Hernia
Bilirubin that is not water soluble is called _____.
Indirect or Unconjugated bilirubin
Which of the following diseases is known to present with a “cobblestone” appearance?
- Diverticulitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Chron’s Disease -2
Diabetes Insipidus is related to which gland in the brain?
posterior pituitary
Which of the following diseases presents with abdominal pain relieved by bowel movements?
- Diverticulitis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Irritable Bowel Syndrome - 4
Which lymph node is affected by stomach cancers?
Virchow’s node
(left supraclavicular)
What is the tumor marker for specific for hepatocellular carcinoma?
Alpha-fetoprotein
Chron’s disease can cause what vitamin deficiency?
B12
Define cholecystitis
Inflammed gall bladder
Polyuria is defined as _____
increased urine frequency
MC site for ulcerative colitis
recturm & colon
Which of the following diseases presents with RLQ pain with chronic diarrhea?
- Diverticulitis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Chron’s Disease - 3
Hematoptysis
Coughing up blood
Chron’s and UC are usually diagnosed using which medical procedure?
sigmoidoscopy
Most cases of Hepatocellular Carcinoma are secondary to which viral diseases?
Hep B & Hep C
Adult onset diabetes is usually known as ___
Type II, non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
Which Hepatitis is most likely to progress to become liver cancer?
Hep B
A distinctive lymphocyte associated with mononucleosis:
Downey cells
(also associated with CMV)
Water soluble Bilirubin is called ____.
Direct or Conjugated Bilirubin
Which hepatitis are you not a carrier?
Hep A
pancreatic cancer usually affects which part of the pancreas?
head of the pancreas
5 main risk factors for gall bladder disease
- Female
- Fat
- > 40 years old
- fertile
- family history
Which of the following diseases can lead to non-tropical sprue?
- Diverticulitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Chron’s Disease - 2
Virus cause of Mononucleosis
Epstein Barr Virus
Which Hepatitis is from blood transfusions?
Hep C
Most liver cancers metastasize from where?
Colon
Which of the following diseases presents with bloody mucus in the stool?
- Diverticulitis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Chron’s disease
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Ulcerative colitis - 2
A lab test would show which 2 enzymes increased to indicate a pancreatitis?
Lipase & amylase
Which hepatitis is from contaminated needles
Hep B
Hematemesis
Vomiting blood
Test for occult blood in the stool is called ____
Guaiac Test
Malabsorption disease related to Chron’s disease
Sprue (gluten allergy)
A lack of bowel sounds in the intestines may indicate ___
Adynamic Ileus
Upward reflux of acid contents of the stomach into the esophagus is called ______. (1)
It is caused by _____. (2)
3 Conditions that make it worse. (3, 4, 5)
- reflux esophagus
- sliding hiatal hernia
- lying down
- after a large meal
- bearing down
Abdominal palpation of the LLQ resulting with increased pain in RLQ is called _____?
Rovsing’s Sign
(+ = appendicitis)
Where is the most common site for a metastatic disease? In other words, a secondary cancer.
Liver
AKA for Chron’s disease
Regional ileitis
Where is vitamin B12 absorbed?
distal ileum
Which anatomical part of the stomach are most stomach cancers located?
Lesser Curvature
Chronic inflammation of the gall bladder can lead to ___
Porcelain gall bladder
Where does Gall Bladder pain refer to?
Right shoulder or tip of right scapula
Which of the following diseases presents with small outpouching of the colon.
- Diverticulitis
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Diverticulitis - 1
Where is hiatal hernia pain located?
LUQ
True / False
Jaundice can occur with any liver disorder
True
A stomach ulcer is called ___
Gastric ulcer
Which of the following diseases presents with variable degrees of constipation and diarrhea in response to stress?
- Diverticulitis
- Chron’s Disease
- Ulcerative Colitis
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Irritable Bowel Syndrome - 4
Pain referred to the tip of the right scapula
Gall bladder
(Cholecystitis)
The procedure needed to make a definitive diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma is what?
liver biopsy
Which organ of the body is mononucleosis affected?
Spleen - enlarged
Patient is an alcoholic, He complains of coughing and vomiting up blood. Examination finds he has torn esophogeal blood vessels. Your diagnosis is that he is suffering from _____.
Mallory Weis Syndrome
Which of the following diseases presents with pain at McBurney’s point?
- Diverticulitis
- ulcerative colitis
- Chron’s disease
- Irritable Bowel Syndrome
- Appendicitis
Appendicitis - 5
Juvenile diabetes is also known as _____
Type 1, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
MC cause of cholecystitis
cholelithiasis
Patient has bruising which show up in his flanks. This sign is called ________ and is an indication of _____
Grey Turner’s sign,
acute pancreatitis (911)
MC Cause of liver destruction
Alcoholism
Parts of the GI affected by Chron’s disease
distal ileum
&
colon
Which hepatitis is due to sexual transmission?
Hep B
An outpouching of the ileum is called ____
Meckel’s Diverticulitis
